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  • #1
    Today · 1 min

    第3152期:Do you want an unbreakable phone?

    For many worldwide, smartphones are used for everything from financial transactions to social media. 对于全球许多人来说,智能手机被用于从金融交易到社交媒体等方方面面。 So when screens break or crack, it can feel like life itself comes to a halt. 当手机屏幕破裂时,感觉生活仿佛都停滞了。 Long-time US glassmaker Corning has spent more than a decade making smartphone glass stronger. 美国老牌玻璃制造商康宁公司花了十多年时间,让智能手机玻璃变得更坚固。 These devices are typically a much higher percentage of a person's GDP in emerging regions, so durability and longevity of that phone becomes a much more critical feature than in other developed countries. 在新兴地区,这些设备的价格通常占个人GDP的比例要高得多,所以与其他发达国家相比,手机的耐用性和使用寿命就成了更为关键的特性。 Corning founded in 1851 has pivoted with the times. In 1879, Thomas Edison went to Corning for glass for his light bulb. 康宁公司于1851年成立,一直与时俱进。1879年,托马斯·爱迪生前往康宁公司,为他的灯泡寻找玻璃材料。 Corning's glasses used in the windows for NASA's space shuttles. 康宁公司的玻璃被用于美国国家航空航天局航天飞机的舷窗。 In the 1950s, Corning became a household name with Corningware cookware, and Steve Jobs used it for the iphone. 20世纪50年代,康宁凭借康宁餐具家喻户晓,史蒂夫·乔布斯还将其用于iPhone手机。 Now Corning dominates the worldwide smartphone glass industry. 如今,康宁公司主导着全球智能手机玻璃行业。 Its latest product Gorilla Glass Victus is even tougher, says the company. 该公司表示,其最新产品“Gorilla Glass Victus”更加坚固耐用。 Whenever we develop a new glass, we set the bar high. 每当我们研发一种新玻璃时,我们都会设定很高的标准。 The new glass must be clearly better than our current flagship product and far superior to the competition. 新玻璃必须明显优于我们目前的旗舰产品,并且远远胜过竞争对手的产品。 Corning said they were able to improve both drop and scratch performance at the same time, a first in the industry. 康宁公司表示,他们能够同时提升抗摔性能和抗刮性能,这在业内尚属首次。 Gorilla Glass Victus can drop from two meters in height, which is taller than I am, onto a rough surface like asphalt and has 2x better scratch performance than our previous glass. Gorilla Glass Victus玻璃能从两米高的地方(这比我还高)掉到像沥青这样的粗糙表面上 ,而且其抗刮性能是我们之前玻璃的两倍。 So the next time you drop your phone and it miraculously doesn't shatter, it's most likely thanks to this company in upstate New York. 下次你不小心把手机掉地上,而它奇迹般地没有摔碎时,这很可能要归功于纽约州北部的这家公司。

  • #2
    Yesterday · 3 min

    第3151期:Saving Senegal's Forests

    Half of Senegal's household rely on wood or wood charcoal. 塞内加尔一半的家庭依靠木材或木炭。 To combat air pollution and deforestation, a cooperative of women produce biochar, an energy source made from straw. 为了应对空气污染和森林砍伐问题,一个妇女合作社生产生物炭,这是一种由秸秆制成的能源。 Theyburnit and mix the charred straw with clay and water. The end result is a carbon-neutral organic charcoal that does not involve chopping down trees. 他们将其焚烧,并将烧焦的稻草与黏土和水混合。最终得到一种碳中和的有机木炭,且无需砍伐树木。 The mixture is pressed and stored, resulting in about 150 pallets of biochar per day. 将混合物进行压制和储存,每天可产出约150托盘的生物炭。 The initiative is diversifying the economy of a rural region where many eke out a living from livestock and fishing. 该倡议正在使一个农村地区的经济多元化,在那里许多人靠畜牧和渔业勉强维持生计。 First of all, this biochar protects the forest. It protects our homes, it protects our supplies, it protects women, it protects the forest that no longer burns, it protects our lives. It is healthy. We thank God for this. 首先,这种生物炭保护了森林。它保护我们的家园,保护我们的物资,保护妇女,保护不再燃烧的森林,保护我们的生命。它有益健康。我们为此感谢上帝。 Biochar production has been launched in 18 villages in the region by the Nebeday ecological association, a name that means "tree" in the Wolof of language. Nebeday生态协会已在该地区的18个村庄启动了生物炭生产项目,Nebeday在沃洛夫语中意为“树”。 To fight deforestation, the group also plants trees in big cities and small villages alike. 为了对抗森林砍伐,该组织还在大城市和小村庄植树。 Since the beginning of the year, they have planted more than a million trees throughout the country. 自年初以来,他们在全国各地种植了一百多万棵树。 Nebeday director Jean Geopp says that putting straw to good use has an added advantage. Nebeday主任Jean Geopp表示,充分利用秸秆还有额外的好处。 Straw, which is the raw material of our biochar, in fact conveys thousands of bushfires across the country in the dry season. 稻草是我们生物炭的原料,实际上在旱季会在全国范围内引发数千起丛林大火。 So reducing this straw is reducing bushfires, and, therefore, preventing young trees from dying in the forest. 减少秸秆就是减少丛林火灾,从而防止森林中的幼树死亡。 So by consuming one kilogram of straw charcoal, we save the forest twice. 每消耗一公斤秸秆木炭,我们就能两倍地拯救森林。 The benefits can be seen in Senegal's Djilor Forest, patrolled by ranger Biram Gning, who was born nearby. 这些好处在塞内加尔的吉洛森林可见一斑,这片森林由护林员Biram Gning巡逻,他就出生在附近。 Gning lacks the authority to arrest those he catches cutting down trees, rather, he reports infractions to a local village chief. Gning没有权力逮捕他抓到的那些砍树的人,而是将违规行为报告给当地的村长。 Gning says rising delta waters have salted the land, posing an additional environmental challenge. Gning表示,三角洲地区不断上涨的水位已使土地盐碱化,构成了额外的环境挑战。 Deforestation is caused by, one, the harmful cutting of trees, illegal cutting by the population. 森林砍伐是由以下原因造成的:其一,非法砍伐。 Two, there are brushfires, which can ravage miles of forest. Three, the advance of salt from the sea to the forests. 二是有野火,它们能肆虐数英里的森林。三是海水向森林的侵蚀。 The African Union's Great Green Wall initiative is focusing on the Sahel among other regions to prevent desertification. 非洲联盟的“绿色长城”倡议正聚焦于萨赫勒等地区,以防治沙漠化。 The biochar project and efforts to combat deforestation are a vital piece of the puzzle. 生物炭项目以及应对森林砍伐的努力是解决这一难题的关键部分。

  • #3
    Tuesday · 2 min

    第3150期:African-American drivers face discrimination

    Driving While Black, a documentary by Ric Burns, chronicles the discrimination and violence African-Americans have often encountered while driving. 里克·伯恩斯执导的纪录片《黑人驾驶》记录了非裔美国人在驾车时经常遭遇的歧视和暴力。 In order to understand what's happening today, I felt strongly, we felt strongly that you had to go all the way back to slavery because that's the point where freedom is denied and mobility is denied. 为了理解今天正在发生的事情,我们强烈地感到,你必须一直追溯到奴隶制时期,因为从那时起,自由和迁徙的权利就被剥夺了。 The film documents how during the US Antebellum era plantation owners employed slave patrols to monitor and punish slaves who tried to escape. 这部纪录片记录了在美国内战前时期,种植园主如何雇佣奴隶巡逻队来监视并惩罚试图逃跑的奴隶。 It portrays these slave catchers as a precursor to white supremacists and some local sheriffs of the post-slavery Jim Crow era, who targeted African-American motorists from the 1920s to the 1960s. 它将这些追捕奴隶的人描绘成白人至上主义者的前身,以及奴隶制废除后种族隔离时代某些地方警长的前身,这些警长在20世纪20年代至60年代期间专门针对非裔美国司机。 Liberty is locomotion. It was a form of self-empowerment. 自由即行动;它是一种自我赋权的形式。 You drive automobile, you get to go where you want when you want, not sit in the back of the bus, but also an opening to a whole world of challenge as you now must navigate this spaces where African mobility is seen as worrisome and unpleasant and to be stopped by a large cohort of white Americans. 你驾驶汽车,就能随心所欲地去往想去的地方,不必坐在公交车后排,但这也开启了一个充满挑战的全新世界,因为如今你必须在这样的环境中前行,在这个环境里,非洲裔的出行被视为令人担忧和讨厌的事情,而且还可能会被一大群美国白人拦下。 Barriers grew for black motorists at night. So one of the hazards of driving was encountering people who were less interested in you being in that particular neck of the woods. 晚上,黑人司机面临的障碍就增多了。驾驶的风险之一就是遇到那些并不欢迎你出现在那片特定区域的人。 And I say neck of the woods, a neck in the woods, you know, watch out for being lynched or being harassed or terrified. 要当心被私刑处死、被骚扰或受惊吓。 How do you navigate the segregated highways of America if you're an African-American? 如果你是一名非裔美国人,你要如何在美国那些实行种族隔离的公路上出行呢? Where if your daughter needs to go to the bathroom, if you need to put gasoline in your automobile, if God forbid you have a medical emergency, where are you going to sleep, where are you going to eat, where are you going to get your hair done? 要是你的女儿需要上厕所,要是你的汽车需要加油,要是万一你突发医疗紧急状况,你要去哪里睡觉,去哪里吃饭,去哪里理发呢? The Negro Motorist Green Book listed such places. 《黑人出行绿皮书》列出了这些地方。 It was published in 1936 by New York postal carrier Victor Hugo Green and put small African-American businesses across the country on the map. 这本指南由纽约邮递员维克多·雨果·格林于1936年出版,将全国的小型非裔美国人企业标注在了地图上。 Eventually, says Ric Burns, the expansion of America's highways offered a level of protection to African-American drivers, giving them alternatives to state and local roads. 最终,里克·伯恩斯表示,美国高速公路的扩建为非裔美国司机提供了一定程度的保护,让他们有了州道和地方道路之外的选择。 However, the film shows African-American drivers continue to be racially profiled and disproportionately likely to be stopped by the police. 然而,这部纪录片显示,非裔美国司机仍然受到种族歧视,更有可能被警察拦下。 And so if people want to say, what is this thing? Structural racism, systemic racism, which has this kind of like abstract quality at first glance, it's not abstract, it's profoundly concrete. 如果人们想问,这到底是什么?结构性种族主义、系统性种族主义,乍一看好像很抽象,但它并非抽象的,而是非常具体的。

  • #4
    Monday · 2 min

    第3149期:Portable fan problems

    They could be the hottest accessory of an even hotter summer. As temperature records were smashed across Europe and other parts of the world, portable electric fans could be seen in the hands of millions of people. Estimates claim that up to 8 million of these devices were sold in the UK alone. The breeze that they provide will have been welcome to many, but could there be a downside to this popular product? 它们可能是炎热夏季最热门的配饰。 随着欧洲和世界其他地区的气温记录被打破,数百万人手中可以看到便携式电风扇。 据估计,仅在英国就售出了多达 800 万台此类设备。 它们提供的微风会受到许多人的欢迎,但是这种受欢迎的产品有缺点吗? Concerns have been raised that these fans are just another example of fast technology. That is products that are sold cheaply and are likely to be disposed of quickly. Research from Material Focus, a British pro-recycling organisation, suggests that half of all the mini fans bought will end up unused or thrown away. This is unsurprising as they can be cheap to buy and almost impossible to repair. Fans contain a mix of different materials – plastic casing, copperwiring and a lithium-ion battery among other components. This means that a considerable amount of natural resource is used in their production, and that they can be complex to recycle and dispose of sustainably. 人们担心这些风扇只是快速技术的另一个例子。 这些产品售价低廉并且可能会很快被处理掉。 英国支持回收利用的组织Material Focus的研究表明,购买的迷你风扇中有一半最终会被闲置或丢弃。 这并不奇怪,因为它们购买起来很便宜,而且几乎不可能修理。 风扇包含不同材料的组合——塑料外壳、铜线和锂离子电池等组件。 这意味着它们的生产中使用了大量的自然资源,并且它们的可持续回收和处置可能很复杂。 There are more immediate safety risks from portable fans. The London Fire Brigade has reported cases of cheaply-made portable fan batteries catching fire or exploding while being charged. Waste disposal companies in the UK have warned that the lithium-ion batteries used by these devices are often thrown away together with household waste, and that this can lead to fires which put staff and installations at risk. It's not just fire either. The Japanese Consumer Affairs Agency reports a train passenger's hair being sucked into someone else's fan on a train. In addition, once the air around you gets hot enough, fans can even make you warmer rather than colder. 便携式风扇存在更直接的安全风险。 伦敦消防队报告了廉价制造的便携式风扇电池在充电时起火或爆炸的案例。 英国的废物处理公司警告说,这些设备使用的锂离子电池经常与家庭垃圾一起丢弃,这可能导致火灾,使工作人员和设施面临危险。 这也不仅仅是火。 日本消费者事务厅报告称,一名火车乘客的头发在火车上被吸进了别人的风扇中。 此外,一旦你周围的空气变得足够热,风扇甚至可以让你变得更温暖而不是更冷。 As the world's climate continues to heat up, more and more of us may be tempted to reach for portable fans. But maybe we should take some time to reflect on the effect this might be having on our environment and climate. 随着世界气候持续变暖,我们中越来越多的人可能会想要使用便携式风扇。 但也许我们应该花一些时间来思考这可能对我们的环境和气候产生的影响。

  • #5
    Sunday · 2 min

    第3148期:Hamas returns bodies of 4 Israeli hostages

    Israelis have mourned a family that was a symbol of the trauma their country suffered in the Hamas-led October 7, 2023 terror attack. 以色列人哀悼了一个家庭,这个家庭是他们的国家在2023年10月7日哈马斯领导的恐怖袭击中遭受创伤的象征。 Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman reports. Israelis on Wednesday mourned three members of the Bibas family. 路透社记者Zachary Goelman报道。以色列人周三哀悼了Bibas家族的三名成员。 They lined the funeral procession that carried the bodies of mother Shiri and her sons, four-year-old Ariel and nine-month-old Kfir, on the way to their funeral. 他们沿着送葬队伍排列,送葬队伍运送着母亲Shiri和她的儿子、四岁的Ariel和九个月大的Kfir的遗体,前往他们的葬礼。 The two children were the youngest hostages seized during the attack on Israel. 这两个孩子是袭击以色列期间被劫持的最年轻的人质。 Their bodies were returned to Israel last week as part of a Gaza cease-fire meant to facilitate the return of captives and the release ofPalestinianprisoners held in Israel. 他们的遗体上周被送回以色列,这是加沙停火的一部分,旨在促进俘虏返回和释放关押在以色列的巴勒斯坦囚犯。 Thousands of people, some in tears, carrying blue and white Israeli flags or photographs of the family, walked in procession or waited as a convoy bearing the coffins passed their way to the funeral. 成千上万的人,有些人泪流满面,手持蓝白相间的以色列国旗或家人的照片,在送葬队伍中行走或等待运送棺材的车队前往葬礼。 The Hamas attack killed 1,200 people, according to Israeli tallies. Militants took 251 captives back to Gaza. 根据以色列的统计,哈马斯的袭击造成1200人死亡。武装分子将251名俘虏带回加沙。 Israel's air and ground war in Gaza, in response, has killed more than 48,000Palestinians, according to Gaza health authorities, and destroyed most of the coastal enclave. 据加沙卫生当局称,以色列对加沙发动的空中和地面战争已造成48000多名巴勒斯坦人死亡,并摧毁了大部分沿海地区。 But fighting has stopped since the fragile cease-fire agreement brokered by Egyptian and Qatari mediators last month. 但自上个月埃及和卡塔尔调解人达成脆弱的停火协议以来,战斗已经停止。 Under the deal, Hamas agreed to hand over 33 Israeli hostages in exchange for some 2,000Palestinianprisoners and detainees, and the withdrawal of Israeli troops from some of their positions in Gaza, as well as a massive influx of aid. 根据该协议,哈马斯同意交出33名以色列人质,以换取约2000名巴勒斯坦囚犯和被拘留者,并撤出以色列军队在加沙的部分阵地,以及大量援助。 On Wednesday, Egyptian mediators confirmed they had secured a breakthrough that should allow the handover of the final four hostage bodies due in the first phase of the deal this week after a days-long impasse. 周三,埃及调解人证实,他们已经取得突破,在经过数天的僵局后,本周将移交协议第一阶段的最后四名人质尸体。 Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman. President Trump says he backs billionaire Elon Musk's U.S. government cost-cutting effort. 路透社记者Zachary Goelman报道。特朗普总统表示,他支持亿万富翁埃隆·马斯克为美国政府削减成本所做的努力。 Reuters correspondent Alex Cohen has more. Musk addressed Trump's first cabinet meeting of the new administration, saying his mission to cut government spending was urgent. 路透社记者亚历克斯·科恩(Alex Cohen)报道了更多消息。马斯克在特朗普新政府的第一次内阁会议上发表讲话,称削减政府开支是他的当务之急。 "It was spending, like, over a trillion dollars on interest. If this continues, the country will go, become de facto bankrupt. It's not an optional thing. It is an essential thing. That's the reason I'm here." “政府在利息上花费了超过一万亿美元。如果这种情况继续下去,这个国家就会走向破产。这不是可有可无的事情。这是必要的事情。这就是我来这里的原因。” Trump continued to give his full backing to Musk's Department of Government Efficiency cost-cutting team known as DOGE. 特朗普继续全力支持马斯克的政府效率部成本削减团队,即DOGE。 Federal workers are unhappy with Musk's approach and have sued to protect their jobs, as have other groups who are seeking to block DOGE from accessing government systems and slashing programs. 联邦工作人员对马斯克的做法不满意,并已提起诉讼以保护自己的工作,其他团体也试图阻止DOGE访问政府系统并削减项目。 While Musk has waved a chainsaw on stage at a political event in a bold display of his group's efforts, his official role remains unclear, which has complicated the lawsuits against DOGE. Reuters correspondent Alex Cohen. 虽然马斯克在一次政治活动中挥舞着电锯,大胆展示了他的团队的努力,但他的官方角色仍不明确,这使针对DOGE的诉讼变得复杂。路透社记者亚历克斯·科恩报道。

  • #6
    Saturday · 2 min

    第3147期:Oscar-winning actor Gene Hackman dies at 95

    Top officials from the U.S. and several other member states skipped a group of 20 major economies' finance ministers meeting in South Africa this week, raising questions about the group's continued relevance. 美国和其他几个成员国的高级官员缺席了本周在南非举行的二十国集团财长会议,人们开始质疑该集团是否继续具有重要意义。 Kate Bartlett reports from Johannesburg. The two-day meeting in Cape Town ended without a communiqué, with current G20 leader South Africa saying there was not sufficient consensus to issue one. 凯特·巴特利特(Kate Bartlett)在约翰内斯堡报道。在开普敦举行的为期两天的会议没有发表公报,现任二十国集团领导人南非表示,双方没有达成足够的共识来发表公报。 In his opening remarks at the event, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa referred to the fractured geopolitical climate and stressed the importance of international cooperation. 南非总统西里尔·拉马福萨在会议开幕致辞中提到了支离破碎的地缘政治气氛,并强调了国际合作的重要性。 "At this time of global uncertainty and escalating tension, it is now more important than ever that the members of the G20 should work together." “在全球不确定性和紧张局势不断升级的当下,二十国集团成员国比以往任何时候都更需要共同努力。” But it appeared the world's largest economies were not able to find common ground on a number of issues. 但看起来,世界最大的几个经济体在许多问题上都未能达成共识。 The finance ministers meeting was beset with similar problems faced by last week's G20 foreign ministers meeting in Johannesburg, which laid bare the discord in current geopolitics. 此次财长会议面临着与上周在约翰内斯堡举行的二十国集团外长会议类似的问题,这也暴露了当前地缘政治的不和谐。 U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent skipped the event amid a spat with host country South Africa and after the U.S. criticized the themes around climate change and solidarity, equality and sustainability. Kate Bartlett, VOA News, Johannesburg. 美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特因与东道国南非发生争执而缺席此次活动,此前美国批评气候变化和团结、平等和可持续性等主题。美国之音新闻记者凯特·巴特利特在约翰内斯堡报道。 President Trump said on Thursday that his proposed 25 percent tariffs on Mexican and Canadian goods will go into effect on March 4 特朗普总统周四表示,他提议对墨西哥和加拿大商品征收25%的关税将于3月4日生效, and threaten an extra 10 percent duty on Chinese imports over what he said were drugs pouring into the U.S. from those countries. Reuters correspondent Alex Cohen has more. 并威胁对中国进口产品征收额外10%的关税,因为他所说的药品从这些国家涌入美国。路透社记者亚历克斯·科恩(Alex Cohen)带来更多报道。 Canadian and Mexican officials were due to meet with Trump administration counterparts in Washington on Thursday and Friday to try to firststallthe tariffs, which could deal a serious blow to a highly integrated North American economy. 加拿大和墨西哥官员将于周四和周五在华盛顿会见特朗普政府的同行,试图先推迟征收关税,这可能会对高度一体化的北美经济造成严重打击。 Trump's comments on the matter during his first cabinet meeting on Wednesday seem to suggest that he may push the deadline back for about one month until April 4. 特朗普在周三的第一次内阁会议上就此事发表的评论似乎表明,他可能会将最后期限推迟大约一个月,即推迟到4月4日。 Reuters correspondent Alex Cohen. A search warrant shows that Oscar-winning actor Gene Hackman, his wife and one of their dogs had been dead for some time before being discovered. 路透社记者亚历克斯·科恩报道。搜查令显示,奥斯卡影帝吉恩·哈克曼、他的妻子和他们的一条狗在被发现之前已经死了一段时间。 AP correspondent Donna Warder reports. A maintenance worker entered the couple's Santa Fe, New Mexico, home Wednesday and found their bodies. 美联社记者唐娜·沃德(Donna Warder)报道。一名维修工人周三进入这对夫妇位于新墨西哥州圣达菲的家,发现了他们的尸体。 They say one of their dogs, a German shepherd, was found dead in the bathroom closet, but two other dogs, one inside the home and one outside, were found alive and well. 他们说,他们的德国牧羊犬被发现死在浴室的壁橱里,但另外两只狗,一只在屋内,一只在屋外,被发现时还活着,而且很健康。 A sheriff's detective says the couple didn't have any wounds and that there were no signs of a carbon monoxide leak or carbon monoxide poisoning. I'm Donna Warder. 一名警长侦探说,这对夫妇没有任何伤口,也没有一氧化碳泄漏或一氧化碳中毒的迹象。我是唐娜·沃德。

  • #7
    Friday · 2 min

    第3146期:Trump: 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada to hit Tuesday

    The future of the cease-fire between Israel and Hamas is in doubt after Israel stopped all aid from entering the Gaza Strip. Linda Gradstein reports from Jerusalem. 在以色列阻止所有援助进入加沙地带后,以色列和哈马斯之间的停火前景令人怀疑。琳达·格拉德斯坦(Linda Gradstein)在耶路撒冷报道。 Israel's announcement that it is blocking humanitarian aid from entering Gaza through its checkpoints has caused fear andpanicbuying in Gaza's markets. 以色列宣布阻止人道主义援助通过其检查站进入加沙,这在加沙市场引起了恐慌性购买。 The move comes as the Muslim holy month of Ramadan begins, when Muslims fast from dawn to dusk and share festive meals in the evenings. 此举正值穆斯林斋月开始之际,穆斯林从黎明到黄昏禁食,晚上共享节日大餐。 This year's Ramadan is taking place amid massive destruction caused by 16 months of heavy fighting between Israel and the terrorist-designated Hamas. 今年的斋月正值以色列和被指定为恐怖分子的哈马斯之间16个月的激烈战斗造成大规模破坏之际。 Hamas seized 250 hostages in an October 7, 2023, terror attack on southern Israel, sparking a war that has left tens of thousands ofPalestinians and more than 1,700 Israelis dead. 哈马斯于2023年10月7日在以色列南部发动恐怖袭击,劫持了250名人质,引发了一场战争,造成数万名巴勒斯坦人和1700多名以色列人死亡。 So far, 147 hostages have been returned to Israel alive, most in two cease-fire deals with Hamas. Israel has also released some 2,000Palestinianprisoners. 到目前为止,已有147名人质活着返回以色列,其中大多数是在与哈马斯达成的两项停火协议中被释放的。以色列还释放了约2000名巴勒斯坦囚犯。 Hamas, Arab states, the United Nations and human rights groups have condemned the Israeli blockage of aid shipments, accusing Israel of violating the cease-fire terms. 哈马斯、阿拉伯国家、联合国和人权组织谴责以色列封锁援助物资,指责以色列违反停火条款。 Linda Gradstein, VOA News, Jerusalem. President Trump said on Monday that 25 percent tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico will go into effect on Tuesday. 美国之音新闻记者琳达·格拉德斯坦在耶路撒冷报道。特朗普总统周一表示,对加拿大和墨西哥进口产品征收25%的关税将于周二生效。 Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener reports. U.S. stocks plunged after Trump said there was no room left for a deal that would avert the tariffs by halting the flow of fentanyl into the United States. 路透社记者吉莉安·基钦纳(Jillian Kitchener)报道。特朗普表示,通过停止芬太尼流入美国,达成协议以避免关税,此后美国股市暴跌。 "On the tariffs, is there any room left for Canada and Mexico to make a deal before midnight?" “关于关税,加拿大和墨西哥还有商量的余地在午夜前达成协议吗?” "No room left for Mexico or for Canada. No, the tariffs, you know, they're all set." “墨西哥和加拿大都没有商量的余地。他们都已经确定了。” Mexican President Claudia Scheinbaum on Monday told reporters, quote, "We maintained communication. We have made the agreements and the necessary coordination." 墨西哥总统克劳迪娅·辛鲍姆周一告诉记者,“我们保持着沟通。我们已经达成了协议并进行了必要的协调。” But she said the decision to impose tariffs rested with Trump and said Mexico was ready with a plan B, C and D. 但她表示,征收关税的决定权在特朗普手中,并表示墨西哥已准备好B、C和D计划。 Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Sunday told reporters Canada should not be blamed for the amount of fentanyl in the U.S. 加拿大总理贾斯廷·特鲁多周日告诉记者,加拿大不应为美国的芬太尼数量负责。 "We had about less than one percent when we first started talking about this many months ago. That number is significantly lower than that even now." “几个月前我们刚开始谈论这个问题时,我们的关税还不到1%,比现在要低得多。” Economists say that if Trump imposes 25 percent tariffs, which cover more than $900 billion worth of annual imports from Canada and Mexico, it would deal a serious setback to the highly integrated North American economy. 经济学家表示,如果特朗普征收25%的关税,涵盖每年价值超过9000亿美元的加拿大和墨西哥进口产品,这将对高度一体化的北美经济造成严重挫折。

  • #8
    September 17 · 2 min

    第3145期:Polio eradication still faces challenges

    At one time polio paralyzed hundreds of thousands of children every year. 曾经,小儿麻痹症每年都会使数十万儿童瘫痪。 In Africa alone, it afflicted 75,000 children annually. That's no longer the case. 仅在非洲,每年就有7.5万名儿童受此折磨。现在情况已经不一样了。 We have just achieved a major milestone in global polio eradication, with the certification of the African region as well polio virus free. 我们刚刚在全球根除小儿麻痹症方面实现了一个重大里程碑,非洲地区被认证为无野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。 A vaccine ended polio in the developed world more than 50 years ago. 50多年前,一种疫苗结束了发达国家的小儿麻痹症。 In 1988, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative decided to end polio in developing countries. 1988年,全球根除小儿麻痹症倡议决定在发展中国家消除小儿麻痹症。 It's taken a lot of work: countless volunteers, global leadership, local leadership and the backing of many donors. 这需要付出大量的努力:无数志愿者、全球领导力、地方领导力以及众多捐助者的支持。 But now the wild polio virus exists only in Afghanistan and Pakistan. 但是现在小儿麻痹症病毒只存在于阿富汗和巴基斯坦。 In both countries, there has been a resurgence of the virus in recent years. 近年来,这两个国家的病毒都死灰复燃。 In Pakistan, people displaced by violence and conflict have resettled in communities with poor health services and sanitation. 在巴基斯坦,因暴力和冲突而流离失所的人们在卫生服务和环境卫生条件较差的社区重新定居。 Polio virus is very unforgiving in these communities. You know, they're densely settled. They're, you know, poor sanitation and hygiene. 小儿麻痹症病毒在这些社区里非常肆虐。这些地方人口密集,而且卫生条件和个人卫生习惯都很差。 The conditions are very favorable for polio virus transmission to thrive, to be really entrenched there. 这些条件非常有利于小儿麻痹症病毒传播扩散,使其真正在那里扎根。 Jafari says the eradication program is now helping these communities meet more of their health needs like access to clean water. 贾法里说,根除小儿麻痹症的倡议现在正在帮助这些社区满足更多的卫生需求,例如获得清洁水源。 In Afghanistan, the Taliban doesn't allow mass inoculations or house-to-houseimmunizations. 在阿富汗,塔利班不允许大规模接种疫苗或挨家挨户接种。 If you don't do house-to-house campaigns, can you perhaps carry outimmunizationcampaigns in smallimmunizationcenters? 如果你不进行挨家挨户接种,是否可以在小型免疫中心开展免疫接种活动? Many smallimmunizationcenters in a particular community, so that families don't have to travel very far to have their children immunized. 在某个特定社区设立许多小型免疫接种中心,这样家庭就不必长途跋涉带孩子去接种疫苗了。 So we're trying to be creative, and looking at ways to move our polio eradication efforts forward in those two remaining endemic countries. 我们要发挥创造力,并研究如何推动我们在剩下的两个小儿麻痹症盛行的国家根除小儿麻痹症。 Because of the coronavirus pandemic, vaccinators in all countries wear masks and gloves. 由于新冠疫情,各国的疫苗接种人员都佩戴口罩和手套。 Global polio eradication is close and the milestones are significant, but unless the disease is wiped out in Afghanistan and Pakistan, it could once again circulate globally. [解析] 全球根除小儿麻痹症已接近尾声,且取得了重大里程碑进展,但除非该疾病在阿富汗和巴基斯坦被彻底消灭,否则它可能再次在全球范围内传播。

  • #9
    September 16 · 2 min

    第3144期:California’s initiatives could bring about massive changes

    This ad posted to Youtube was part of an unprecedented 200-million-dollar initiative in California by Lyft, Uber and other firms to convince voters that workers who use their apps to find work should be classified as independent contractors, overturning 2019 state legislation that defined them as employees. 发布到油管上的这则广告是来福车、优步等公司在加利福尼亚州发起的一项史无前例的2亿美元倡议活动的一部分,旨在说服选民,让他们认为使用其应用程序找工作的劳动者应被归类为独立承包商,从而推翻2019年该州将他们定义为雇员的立法。 It's a big win for the companies who are no longer required to cover all their drivers for health care and paid time off. 这对公司来说是个巨大的胜利,因为它们不再需要为所有司机提供医疗保险和带薪休假。 The companies see their victory as a vote of confidence in their model of a third way of defining work, app-based gigs, and may inspire similar pushes elsewhere. 这些公司将自己的胜利视为对其定义工作的第三种模式——基于应用程序的零工模式的信任投票,这或许会激励其他地方采取类似的举措。 It's gonna be something that we're going to see affecting more than just California now at this point because other states are looking at a challenge. 现在这将会影响到的不只是加州,因为其他州也正面临挑战。 And that's including Massachusetts, New York and even New Jersey. 包括马萨诸塞州,纽约州甚至新泽西州。 Gerace supported the initiative because he said as an independent contractor, the promise of flexibility works for him. Gerace支持这项倡议,因为他表示,作为一名独立承包商,灵活性的承诺对他而言是可行的。 I'm not full time, I'm part time, so I go on and off when I choose. It's much more convenient for me that way. 我不是全职工作,我是兼职,所以我可以根据自己的选择随时上班或休息。那样对我来说方便多了。 But opponents say the company's victory comes at the expense of workers' rights. 但反对者说,该公司的胜利是以牺牲工人权利为代价的。 This kind of app-based piece work may seem to offer flexibility, but it comes with serious downsides, they say. 他们表示,这种基于应用程序的零工工作看似提供了灵活性,但也存在严重的弊端。 The gig worker stuff in general, I think, is a problem for labor everywhere because it's making people independent contractors. 总的来说,我认为零工经济的问题对各地的劳动力都构成挑战,因为它正在让人们成为独立承包商。 You take away right unemployment, you take away workers comp. Anything that you kind of offer protections under the law you're losing those. 你取消了正当的失业救济,你取消了工伤赔偿。任何在法律层面提供保障的内容,你都在失去它们。 The victory by the app companies like Uber and Lyft may embolden other industries to pursue the third way model for their employees, some labor experts say. 一些劳工专家表示,优步和来福车等应用程序公司的胜利可能会鼓励其他行业为其员工推行第三种模式。 I think that maybe scarier prospect is just this sort of offers an avenue for lots of other types of companies to follow in step. 我认为,或许更令人担忧的前景是,这恰恰为许多其他类型的公司提供了效仿的途径。 And I wonder slash worry about instances where like a Walmart decides to say, "Hey, actually our workers are also independent contractors." 我不禁会想,也会担心出现这样的情况,比如沃尔玛会宣称:“实际上我们的员工也是独立承包商。” As Uber, Lyft and other app companies look beyond California, the future of work, what it means to have a job may be a concept that is changing. 随着优步、来福车及其他应用程序公司放眼加州以外的地区,工作的未来,以及拥有一份工作意味着什么,可能是一个正在变化的概念。

  • #10
    September 15 · 52 sec

    第3143期:Melting Arctic ice allows large whales to move in

    The sea off the coast of East Greenland used to be covered in ice year-round. Now, as it warms and melts completely in the summer, the waters have opened up to new visitors – some of the world's largest whales and the fish that they feed on. 东格陵兰沿岸海域过去全年都被海冰覆盖。现在,随着海水变暖,海冰会在夏季完全融化,这片水域也因此迎来新的 “访客”,包括世界上一些体型最大的鲸类及其捕食的鱼类。 The scientists combined aerial surveys, satellite tagging and observations from local Inuit communities to track them. And the change has been dramatic. 科学家通过结合航空调查、卫星标签定位以及当地因纽特社区的观测,对这些鲸类展开追踪。而其变化十分显著。 Surveys didn't record a single humpback whale sighting in the region until 2006. In 2007, seven humpbacks were seen. And, by 2024, there were 150 sightings of the giant whales from ships. Now, fin whales, humpbacks and minke whales come to East Greenland in their thousands to feed. 直到 2006 年,相关调查才首次在该地区记录到座头鲸的目击报告。2007 年,有七头座头鲸被目击。而到了 2024 年,船只目击这种巨型鲸类的记录已达 150 次。如今,成千上万的长须鲸、座头鲸和小须鲸会汇聚到东格陵兰觅食。 The researchers say this is a huge climate-driven shift, with some easily adapting, while other Arctic species, including belugas, narwhals and walruses, all of which need the ice to hide from predators or to breed, are being edged out. 研究人员表示,这是一次由气候变化驱动的巨大转变。一些物种能够轻松适应,而另一些极地物种,包括白鲸、独角鲸和海象,因需要依赖海冰躲避天敌或繁育后代,正逐渐失去生存空间。

  • #11
    September 14 · 2 min

    第3142期:The peacock effect: Why overconfidence can be good for you

    Do you know anyone who is more confident in their own abilities than their actual performance suggests they should be? Perhaps they think they are an incredible singer, but they're actually tone-deaf. Most people believe that they are more intelligent and skilful than the average person, according to a 2020 meta-analysis by Zell and colleagues. Obviously, this cannot be the case. Overconfidence has a cost – it can lead to things like poor financial decisions and dangerous driving. So why do we have such a tendency to overestimate our abilities? 你认识的人中是否有人对自己的能力比实际表现更自信? 也许他们认为自己是一位令人难以置信的歌手,但实际上他们是五音不全的。 根据 Zell 及其同事 2020 年的荟萃分析,大多数人认为自己比普通人更聪明、更有技巧。 显然,事实并非如此。 过度自信是有代价的——它可能导致糟糕的财务决策和危险驾驶等问题。 那么为什么我们会倾向于高估自己的能力呢? Excessive self-belief requires self-deception – believing your own falsehoods. An evolutionary perspective argues that humans evolved self-deception so that we could deceive others more easily. The theory goes that if you believe your own lies about your abilities, you're less likely to display behaviours which will give it away, such as nervousness or hesitation. Deceiving others about your abilities may enable you to open doors, but it is when you have to prove yourself that overconfidence can lead to costly mistakes. For those who have a greater underlying ability, though, overconfidence can be highly beneficial. 过度自信需要自我欺骗——相信自己的谎言。 进化论认为,人类进化出自欺欺人的能力,这样我们就可以更容易地欺骗别人。 该理论认为,如果你相信自己对自己能力的谎言,你就不太可能表现出会泄露谎言的行为,例如紧张或犹豫。 欺骗别人你的能力可能会让你打开大门,但当你必须证明自己时,过度自信可能会导致代价高昂的错误。 然而,对于那些具有更强潜在能力的人来说,过度自信可能非常有益。 This is what researchers are calling the 'peacock's tail for people'. Peacocks have long and brightly coloured feathers to attract females, but they are extremely burdensome. The feathers are heavy and highly visible to predators, so only the healthiest peacocks can afford to carry such elaborate plumage. In other words, their feathers are a reliable indicator of their suitability for potential mates. Authors of a 2026 study, published in the Psychological Review compare this phenomenon with human overconfidence. They argue that only the most capable people can keep a high self-belief without suffering severe consequences. In other words, overconfidence may actually be a useful signal of ability. 这就是研究人员所说的“人类的孔雀尾巴”。 孔雀有长而鲜艳的羽毛来吸引雌性,但它们却极其沉重。 羽毛很重,对捕食者来说非常明显,因此只有最健康的孔雀才能携带如此精致的羽毛。 换句话说,它们的羽毛是它们是否适合潜在配偶的可靠指标。 发表在《心理评论》上的 2026 年研究的作者将这种现象与人类的过度自信进行了比较。 他们认为,只有最有能力的人才能保持高度的自信,而不会遭受严重的后果。 换句话说,过度自信实际上可能是一种有用的能力信号。 So, what lessons can be learnt from all this? If you have a high ability in a particular skill, make sure you have the confidence to match it. Ability can bring success, but remember, it is confidence which opens the doors in the first place. 那么,我们可以从这一切中吸取什么教训呢? 如果您在某项特定技能上拥有很高的能力,请确保您有信心与之相匹配。 能力可以带来成功,但请记住,首先打开大门的是信心。

  • #12
    September 13 · 1 min

    第3141期:The US decides to exempt the "Big Three" automakers

    Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman reports. Pursuing what he has called a, quote "America First" agenda, Trump ordered a 90-day pause on all foreign aid in his first day back in office. 路透社记者扎卡里·戈尔曼(Zachary Goelman)报道。特朗普在上任第一天就下令暂停所有外国援助90天,以推行他所谓的“美国优先”议程。 That order and ensuing stop-work orders halting U.S. Agency for International Development operations around the world have jeopardized delivery of life-saving food and medical aid, throwing global humanitarian relief efforts into chaos. 该命令以及随后的停工令暂停了美国国际开发署在世界各地的业务,危及了救命食品和医疗援助的运送,使全球人道主义救援工作陷入混乱。 Aid organizations accused Trump in lawsuits of exceeding his authority under federal law by stepping into an area that's a matter for Congress. 援助组织在诉讼中指责特朗普超越了联邦法律赋予的权限,介入了属于国会事务的领域。 A Washington-based U.S. district judge last month ordered the administration release approximately $2 billion in funding to contractors and grant recipients. 上个月,华盛顿的一名美国地区法官下令政府向承包商和受助人发放约20亿美元的资金。 Trump appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. His solicitor general wrote in a filing that the lower court order should be blocked, saying it would, quote, "unlawfully commandeer federal payment processes." 特朗普向美国最高法院提出上诉。他的司法部长在一份文件中写道,下级法院的命令应该被阻止,称这将“非法入侵联邦支付系统”。 But Chief Justice John Roberts and fellow conservative Amy Coney Barrett joined the court's three liberal members in rejecting the Trump administration's appeal. Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman. 但首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨和保守派同僚埃米·科尼·巴雷特与法院的三名自由派成员一起驳回了特朗普政府的上诉。路透社记者扎卡里·戈尔曼报道。 President Trump is granting a one-month exemption on his stiff new tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada for U.S. automakers. 特朗普总统将给予美国汽车制造商一个月的豁免期,免除其对墨西哥和加拿大进口产品征收的新关税。 Worries persist that the newly launched trade war could crush domestic manufacturing. 人们仍然担心新近爆发的贸易战可能会摧毁国内制造业。 The announcement comes after Trump spoke with leaders of the big three automakers - Ford, General Motors and Stellantis - on Wednesday. 特朗普周三与三大汽车制造商福特、通用汽车和斯特兰蒂斯的领导人进行了交谈,随后宣布了这一消息。 "So does he expect them to be able to shift production within a month? “那么他是否希望他们能够在一个月内转移生产? He told them that they should get on it, start investing, start moving, shift production here to the United States of America where they will pay no tariff. That's the ultimate goal." 他告诉他们,他们应该开始行动,开始投资,开始行动,将生产转移到美国,这样他们就不用支付关税了。这是最终目标。”

  • #13
    September 12 · 1 min

    第3140期:The U.S. cuts off intelligence sharing with Ukraine

    A senior Trump administration official said Thursday that Ukraine was given a fair warning by the White House before U.S. President Donald Trump this week ordered a pause on American military assistance and intelligence sharing with Kyiv. 特朗普政府一名高级官员周四表示,在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普本周下令暂停美国与基辅的军事援助和情报共享之前,白宫已经向乌克兰发出了警告。 AP correspondent Sagar Meghani reports. A Trump envoy says Ukraine has itself to blame for a pause on American military aid and intelligence sharing. "... they brought it on themselves." 美联社记者萨加尔·梅加尼(Sagar Meghani)报道。特朗普特使表示,乌克兰应该为暂停美国军事援助和情报共享负责。“……这是他们自找的。” Keith Kellogg, the president's special envoy to Ukraine and Russia, tells the Council on Foreign Relations Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy was told last week's Oval Office talks would focus on signing a rare earth minerals deal with the U.S. 特朗普总统的乌克兰和俄罗斯问题特使基思·凯洛格告诉外交关系委员会,乌克兰领导人泽连斯基上周被告知,椭圆形办公室的会谈将集中在与美国签署稀土矿产协议上。 "The best way I can describe it is sort of like hitting a mule with a two-by-four across the nose. You got their attention ..." “我能想到的最好的描述方式,就是有点像用一根两英尺乘四英尺的木头打骡子的鼻子。你引起了他们的注意……” Zelenskyy says he's still willing to sign the minerals deal. Kellogg says he cannot guarantee weapons will again flow to Ukraine even if that happens. Sagar Meghani, Washington. 泽连斯基说他仍然愿意签署矿产协议。凯洛格说,即使发生这种情况,他也不能保证武器会再次流向乌克兰。记者萨加尔·梅加尼在华盛顿报道。 Top U.S. and British defense officials met Thursday to work on how to best quickly bring an end to the fighting between Russia and Ukraine. 美国和英国高级国防官员周四举行会晤,商讨如何尽快结束俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战斗。 VOA national security correspondent Jeff Seldin has more from the Pentagon. 美国之音国家安全通讯员杰夫·塞尔丁(Jeff Seldin)将为您带来五角大楼的更多报道。 British Defense Secretary John Healy: "He challenged us to step up on Ukraine, on defense spending, on European security, and I say to you that we have, we are, and we will further." 英国国防部长约翰·希利表示:“他要求我们在乌克兰问题、国防开支和欧洲安全问题上加大力度,我要告诉你们,我们已经做到了,我们正在加大力度,而且我们还会更进一步。” On potential peace talks between Ukraine and Russia, Healy said Britain believes Kyiv is ready to make the most of a, quote, "unique opportunity." 关于乌克兰和俄罗斯之间可能展开的和平谈判,希利表示,英国认为基辅已准备好充分利用这一“独特机会”。 But as for whether the U.S. has seen enough to resume intelligence sharing with Ukraine, the U.S. defense secretary said that's up to President Trump. [解析] 但至于美国是否已经看到足够多的东西来恢复与乌克兰的情报共享,美国国防部长表示,这取决于特朗普总统。

  • #14
    September 11 · 3 min

    第3139期:Hollywood funds pour into Black cinema

    Ryan Coogler's 2018 superhero film Black Panther about a powerful African kingdom and its king was one of the highest grossing films of all time raking in 1.3 billion dollars internationally. 瑞恩·库格勒2018年执导的超级英雄电影《黑豹》,讲述了一个强大的非洲王国及其国王的故事,是史上票房最高的电影之一,全球票房收入达13亿美元。 The mega blockbuster with a predominantly black cast has prompted Hollywood to flood money on more black productions and TV series than ever before. 这部以黑人演员为主的超级大片,促使好莱坞投入比以往更多的资金来制作更多黑人题材的影视剧。 That woke everybody up and said, "Wow, there's money here". 这把所有人都惊着了,说道:“哇,这里有钱可赚”。 And suddenly, all of the black film makers who had ideas and passion and vision, suddenly now they had money, so they could actually make the movies that they wanted to make. 突然之间,所有那些怀揣创意、激情与远见的黑人电影制作人有了资金,这样他们就能制作出自己想拍的电影了。 Over the course of probably the last 10 years, we've seen a renaissance in black storytelling, like we haven't seen probably in the first, I don't know, 90 years of storytelling in our community. 在过去的十年里,我们见证了黑人叙事的复兴,这可能是我们这个群体在最初90年的叙事历程中未曾有过的景象。 Critically acclaimed black films such as Barry Jenkins's Oscar-winning drama Moonlight or Ava DuVernay's documentary 13th, have illuminated black life and offered cultural affirmation to black audiences, says Berardinelli. 贝拉迪内利表示,巴里·詹金斯执导的奥斯卡获奖剧情片《月光男孩》或艾娃·杜威纳执导的纪录片《第十三修正案》等广受好评的黑人题材电影,展现了黑人的生活,并为黑人观众提供了文化认同。 A group of people who for so long did not see themselves reflected on screen now suddenly see themselves reflected on screen. 一群长期以来在银幕上看不到自己身影的人,如今突然在银幕上看到了自己。 And you know, in the superhero movies, now you have your Black Panther of course, but you also now have the new Captain America is black Anthony Maxwell. 在超级英雄电影里,当然现在有了《黑豹》,而且现在新的美国队长也是黑人安东尼·麦克斯韦。 Berardinelli says as they enter the American mainstream, black films are attracting a wider demographic because the multiculturalism of the younger generation is much more varied than it is for the older generation. 贝拉迪内利表示,随着黑人电影进入美国主流,它们正吸引着更广泛的观众群体,因为年轻一代的多元文化比老一代更加丰富多样。 Black women directors are also gaining support. Gordon says this year 15 films are directed by black women alone. 黑人女导演也正在获得支持。戈登表示,今年有15部电影是由黑人女性独立执导的。 One of them is Beyonce, who wrote, directed and produced the visual album Black Is King. 其中一位是碧昂丝,她自编自导并制作了视觉专辑《黑人为王》。 The fusion of kind of like a Lion King theme mixed in with a Black Panther theme, I thought hits you squarely in the pride aspect. 有点像《狮子王》主题和《黑豹》主题的融合,我觉得这在自豪感方面正中你的心坎。 As for criticisms leveled against Beyonce, that she misappropriated elements of African culture into her African-American production. 至于针对碧昂丝的批评,即她在非裔美国人作品中挪用了非洲文化元素。 It's hard to criticize a black person who is paying homage to her ancestors who are African in nature. 很难批评一个向自己非洲祖先致敬的黑人。 So it wasn't even like she brought a bunch of Americans in to pretend to be from Mali, or to pretend to be from Ghana, or to pretend to be from South Africa. 她甚至没有带一群美国人进来,假装他们来自马里,或者假装他们来自加纳,或者假装他们来自南非。 She used South Africans, she used folks from Mali, she used folks from Ghana, she used folks from the continent. 她启用了南非人,启用了来自马里的人,启用了来自加纳的人,启用了来自非洲大陆的人。 Gordon hopes to see more black films and black lead characters across all genres for all audiences. 戈登希望看到更多面向所有观众、涵盖所有类型的黑人电影和黑人主角。 True equality is when you are able to tell all these different stories, and they are no longer looked at as niche films. 真正的平等是当你能够讲述所有这些不同的故事,它们也不再被视为小众电影。 They're just a part of the fabric of what makes America great. 它们只是让美国变得伟大的组成部分。

  • #15
    September 10 · 1 min

    第3138期:NYC Plastic Collectibles Shop

    In the very heart of Manhattan, in the formerly hectic Times Square, New York city gave the best spot in town to plastic. 在曼哈顿的正中心,在昔日熙熙攘攘的时代广场,纽约市将城中最优越的位置让给了塑料。 There's tens of thousands of disposable plastic items in the grocery store that I spent a couple years collecting from various trash cans around New York city. 杂货店有成千上万件一次性塑料制品,这些是我花了几年时间从纽约市各处的垃圾桶里收集来的。 Every item in this pop-up grocery store installation is made of plastic bags. 这家快闪杂货店装置中的每一件物品都是用塑料袋制成的。 This one took a while, but it was very fun to like figure out how to do all the like little, like frosting effects all the way around. You can touch it, yeah, for sure. 这一件花了不少时间,但琢磨出如何做出那些小小的、像糖霜一样的装饰效果,整个过程非常有趣。你可以摸摸它。 Turning something no one else wants into art is a time-honored tradition. 将无人想要的东西变成艺术是一项历史悠久的传统。 So designer and artist Robin Frohardt chose to work with one thing New York city has been trying to get rid of since march. 设计师兼艺术家罗宾·弗罗哈特选择使用纽约市自三月以来一直试图清除的一种东西进行创作。 The city was said to impose a plastic bag ban in March 2020, but the pandemic slowed things down. 据说该市原定于2020年3月实施禁塑令,但疫情减缓了事情的发展。 Before the plastic bag ban, New Yorkers were using over 20 billion plastic bags a year. 在禁塑令之前,纽约人每年使用超过两百亿个塑料袋。 85 percent of those bags ended up in city dumping grounds and in the ocean. 那些袋子中有85%最终被扔到了城市垃圾场和海洋里。 New York is a very large city that produces a lot of waste and anything, that we can do to reduce that would be a good thing. 纽约是一个非常大的城市,会产生大量垃圾,我们能做的任何减少垃圾的事情都是有益的。 I bring my own bag only when I remember, other than that, it's hard to. 我只有在记得的时候才会自带购物袋,除此之外,很难做到。 But while the rest of the city is getting rid of its bags, the plastic store is one place in New York city where plastic bags are indispensable. 但在纽约市其他地方都在逐步淘汰塑料袋时,这家塑料制品店却是塑料袋不可或缺的地方。

  • #16
    September 9 · 40 sec

    第3137期:Huge Roman villa found under popular park dubbed town's 'Pompeii'

    Beloved by generations of visitors and steeped in history, Margam Park was already known to have an Iron Age hill fort, the remains of a Norman abbey and a Victorian castle, which looks out today over Port Talbot steelworks. Now, though, it can add a Roman villa to that list. 马格姆公园深受几代访客喜爱,且历史底蕴深厚。这里原本就因拥有一座铁器时代的山丘堡垒、一处诺曼时期修道院遗址,以及一座俯瞰塔尔博特港钢铁厂的维多利亚时期的城堡而闻名。而现在,公园的古迹名单上又多了一座罗马别墅遗址。 Sophisticated scanning devices were used to look for archaeological features hidden underground, and the Swansea University-led team struck gold. 由斯旺西大学领衔的团队利用先进的扫描设备寻找埋藏在地下的考古遗迹,并取得了这一重大发现。 The villa itself has multiple rooms, a substantial side building, and it sits within a defensive enclosure. The experts hope to findmosaicfloors and other precious artefacts, and say their discovery is of a scale and level of preservation unmatched in Wales so far. 这座别墅拥有多个房间、一座规模颇大的附属建筑,并坐落于一处设有防御设施的围合区域内。专家希望在此发现马赛克地面和其它珍贵文物,并表示,无论是遗址规模还是保存状况,此次发现在威尔士都堪称首屈一指。

  • #17
    September 8 · 2 min

    第3136期:Why don't I like rollercoasters anymore?

    Rollercoasters have been making stomachs flip for centuries. The earliest versions appeared in 17th-century Russia, where brave riders slid down giant ice-covered ramps. Modern steel rollercoasters transformed theme parks into thrill-seeking playgrounds. Today, they're bigger, faster and taller than ever. Millions of people queue for hours just to experience a few minutes of screaming, laughing and that heart-racing drop. But if you're anything like me, there comes a point when those rides stop feeling exciting and start feeling... slightly regrettable. 几个世纪以来,过山车一直让人胃部翻腾。 最早的版本出现在 17 世纪的俄罗斯,勇敢的骑手从巨大的冰雪坡道上滑下。 现代钢制过山车将主题公园变成了寻求刺激的游乐场。 如今,它们比以往任何时候都更大、更快、更高。 数百万人排队几个小时,只是为了体验几分钟的尖叫、大笑和心跳加速的感觉。 但如果你和我一样,那么到了某个时刻,这些游乐设施就会不再让你感到兴奋,而是开始感到……有点遗憾。 As children, rollercoasters seem almost impossible to resist. Part of the appeal is that contrasting mix of fear and excitement. According to BBC Science Focus, rollercoasters trigger the body's fight-or-flight response, releasing adrenaline, dopamine and endorphins that make the experience feel exciting and rewarding. Our brains quickly learn to associate that rush with fun, which is why so many children can't wait to jump back in the queue. The sense of achievement doesn't hurt either – finally being tall enough to ride the biggest coaster feels like a rite of passage, making us feel braver and probably way cooler at the time. 作为孩子,过山车似乎几乎无法抗拒。 恐惧与兴奋的鲜明对比是其吸引力的一部分。 据 BBC Science Focus 报道,过山车会引发身体的战斗或逃跑反应,释放肾上腺素、多巴胺和内啡肽,让体验感到兴奋和有益。 我们的大脑很快就会学会将这种匆忙与乐趣联系起来,这就是为什么这么多孩子迫不及待地想重新加入队列。 成就感也不会有什么坏处——终于长到足够高,可以乘坐最大的过山车,感觉就像是一种成人仪式,让我们感觉更勇敢,而且当时可能会更酷。 So why does that love affair often fade with age? Unfortunately, our bodies change. WanderWisdom explains that changes in the inner ear as we get older can make us more sensitive to motion, meaning rollercoasters that once felt thrilling may now leave us feeling dizzy or nauseous. Motion sickness happens when the brain receives conflicting signals from the eyes and inner ear, leading to dizziness, nausea and that feeling of churning in your tummy. Add stiffer joints, sore necks and a stronger awareness of risk, and it's hardly surprising that the rides we once begged to go on can suddenly feel more exhausting than exhilarating. 那么,为什么这段恋情常常会随着年龄的增长而消失呢? 不幸的是,我们的身体会发生变化。 WanderWisdom 解释说,随着年龄的增长,内耳的变化会让我们对运动更加敏感,这意味着曾经令人兴奋的过山车现在可能会让我们感到头晕或恶心。 当大脑从眼睛和内耳接收到相互矛盾的信号时,就会发生晕动病,导致头晕、恶心和胃部翻腾的感觉。 再加上关节僵硬、脖子酸痛和风险意识增强,我们曾经恳求去参加的游乐设施突然变得更加疲惫,而不是令人兴奋,这也就不足为奇了。 The good news is that you don't have to completely give up coasters. Dramamine recommends staying hydrated, avoiding heavy meals before riding and looking towards the horizon instead of down at the tracks. Choosing a seat towards the middle can also make the ride feel less intense. These simple changes may reduce motion sickness and help you to rediscover the fun of laughing and screaming along the way without feeling the need to hurl or pass out as often! 好消息是您不必完全放弃杯垫。 茶苯海明建议保持水分充足,骑行前避免暴饮暴食,并朝地平线而不是向下看轨道。 选择靠近中间的座位也可以让乘坐感觉不那么紧张。 这些简单的改变可以减少晕动病,并帮助您重新发现沿途大笑和尖叫的乐趣,而无需经常摔倒或昏倒!

  • #18
    September 7 · 2 min

    第3135期:The wildfire contaminated the reservoir water source

    In 2014, California's King Fire blackened 400 square kilometers of forest, massive erosion followed. 2014年,加州国王大火烧毁了400平方公里的森林, 随后发生了大规模的水土流失。 One of Placer County's two reservoirs filled with sediment and had to be dredged, says county water chief Andy Fecko. 普莱瑟县主管安迪·费科表示,该县两座水库中有一座因泥沙淤积而不得不进行疏浚。 Every time we do that, it's a five to seven million dollar cost that you incur. 每次我们进行疏浚,都要花费500万到700万美元。 And you're out of business during the whole time when you're trying to clear those facilities out. And so we incurred those costs several years in a row. 当你试图清理那些设施时,你一直处于停业状态。我们连续几年支付了这些费用。 And he worried about the county's other reservoir, French Meadows, just a few kilometers away. 他还担心几公里外的另一座水库——法国草地水库。 So it was one of these watersheds that was very much under threat of a high-intensity wildfire. 正是这些流域之一受到了一场高强度野火的威胁。 These devastating wildfires are on the rise in the west, experts say, as climate change dries out the forests. 专家表示,随着气候变化导致森林变得干燥,这些毁灭性的野火在西部地区正日益增多。 And a century of misguided management has left them overgrown and extra flammable. 一个世纪的错误管理让它们杂草丛生,变得格外易燃。 Across the west, the unintended consequences threaten reservoirs and their drinking water and hydropower, says Angel Hertslet of the Nature Conservancy. 大自然保护协会的安吉尔·赫茨勒特表示,在西部各地,这些意外后果正威胁着水库及其饮用水供应和水力发电。 There's a growing understanding from water utilities in particular that their water quality, their water quantity is very much impacted by what's happening in the headwaters. 特别是自来水公司越来越认识到,他们的水质和水量在很大程度上受到水源地情况的影响。 Thinning out the forest lowers the fire risk. The forest around the French Meadows Reservoir belongs to the US Forest Service. 疏伐森林可降低火灾风险。法国草地水库周边的森林归美国林务局所有。 But the agency has millions of hectares across the west that need thinning, says district ranger Michael Woodbridge. 地区护林员迈克尔·伍德布里奇说,该机构在西部有上百万公顷的土地需要进行疏伐。 We're always doing as much as we can with the capacity we have, but French Meadows is kind of above and beyond what that capacity would have been. 我们一直在用现有的能力尽力而为,但法国草地水库的情况有点超出了我们现有能力的范畴。 So an unusual partnership formed. The water agency, the Nature Conservancy, state and local governments and others all pitched in to do the planning, raise the money and get the work done. 一种不同寻常的合作关系形成了。水务局、大自然保护协会、州政府和地方政府以及其他各方都纷纷参与进行规划、筹集资金并完成工作。 And we said fantastic if you guys can do that with us, then we can get this work done in this area. 我们说,如果你们能和我们一起做那件事,那我们就可以在这个领域完成这项工作。 The partners say they're going faster and doing more than any group could have done on its own. 合作伙伴们表示,他们比任何独立团队都行动得更快、做得更多。 But it will still take years with millions of hectares across the west at risk of fire and climate change turning up the heat. 但这仍需要数年时间,因为西部数百万公顷的土地面临火灾风险,而且气候变化还在加剧高温。 Water agency manager Fecko says Placer County's reservoirs are a cautionary tale. 水务机构经理费科表示,普莱瑟县的各水库是一个警示案例。 I want them to learn from our experience and start taking really aggressive steps in managing their own watersheds. 我希望他们能从我们的经验中学习,并开始采取非常积极的措施来管理他们自己的流域。 So they don't end up in the same boat that we're in currently. 这样他们就不会落得和我们现在一样的境地。

  • #19
    September 6 · 1 min

    第3134期:Filibuster.

    It's what they do when they don't want something to happen, filibuster, an effort to prevent a vote in the USSenateby extending debate. 这就是他们不想让某事发生时会采取的手段——冗长辩论,这是一种通过延长辩论来阻止美国参议院投票表决的做法。 TheSenateprides itself on being a deliberative body where debate is vital to decision making. 参议院以自己是一个审议机构而自豪,在那里辩论对决策至关重要。 Senaterules allow debate on a measure to continue until three-fifths--60 out of the 100 senators--vote to end it. 参议院规则允许对一项议案进行辩论,直到五分之三(即100名参议员中的60名)投票决定终止辩论为止。 At one time, a two-thirds vote was needed, butSenaterules changed in 1975. 曾经需要三分之二的多数票,但参议院规则在1975年进行了修改。 So when asenatoror group of senators want to block something, they take the floor and keep talking. 当某位参议员或一群参议员想要阻止某项议案时,他们就会持续发言。 In recent decades, the mere threat of a filibuster has been enough to halt action on almost any bill that lacks the support of 60 senators. 近几十年来,仅凭冗长辩论的威胁就足以阻止任何缺乏60名参议员支持的法案推进。 But the use of the filibuster was ended for approval of judicial appointments in 2013 and for Supreme Court approvals in 2017. 但是,冗长辩论在2013年终止适用于司法任命的批准,并在2017年终止适用于最高法院的批准。 The term filibuster is derived from a Dutch word for "pirate". “filibuster”一词源自荷兰语中意为“海盗”的单词。 The record for the longest filibuster is held bySenatorStrom Thurmond of South Carolina, who spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes inoppositionof the Civil Rights Act of 1957. 最长的冗长辩论记录由南卡罗来纳州参议员斯特罗姆·瑟蒙德保持,为反对1957年《民权法案》连续演讲了24小时18分钟。

  • #20
    September 5 · 4 min

    第3133期:The US designates October as Pregnancy and Infant Loss Awareness Month.

    A moment that is filled with both happiness and worry for future parents. 对准父母来说,这是一个既充满幸福又夹杂着担忧的时刻。 It's like we're having a baby. Social networks are filled with such videos. 我们要迎来一个新生命了。社交网络中充斥着这样的视频。 However, it's pretty hard to find stories from the other end of the spectrum: families talking about miscarriages. 然而,要找到另一个极端的故事却相当困难,即那些谈论流产经历的家庭故事。 Heather Hodnicki and her husband Joe, parents of a one-year-old boy, recorded this video when doctors told them Heather's second pregnancy is unlikely to be viable. Heather Hodnicki和她的丈夫Joe有一个一岁大的男孩,当医生告诉他们Heather的第二次怀孕不太可能成功时,他们录下了这段视频。 A hematoma formed around the fetus, and at nine weeks Heather had a miscarriage. 胎儿周围形成了血肿,到第九周时,Heather流产了。 Instead of closing up, she started a blog on Instagram, where she shares her difficult experience. 她没有封闭自己,而是在照片墙上开了一个博客,分享自己的艰难经历。 It was a loss of a little life, and then I would relate to it. As you know it was a little soul that was with me, and I saw a heartbeat on the monitor, and then that little soul was gone. 我失去了一个小生命,我对此感同身受。如你所知,那是一个曾陪伴着我的小灵魂,我在监视器上看到了心跳,接着那个小灵魂就消逝了。 So talking to other women took the taboo. I mean, I know it's something that's very taboo to talk about. 和其他女性谈论这个话题就成了禁忌,我知道这是一个禁忌话题, But in doing so, it made it easier for me to process the fact that it is a loss, and I am allowed to feel the emotions that I'm feeling. 但这样做让我更容易接受失去的事实,而且我也被允许去感受自己当下的情绪。 Out of every hundred pregnancies, about 10 to 15 end in miscarriages and a lot of women blame themselves. 每100次怀孕中,大约有10到15次会以流产告终,许多女性会自责。 Doctors say a miscarriage before the end of the first trimester usually means the embryo had chromosomal abnormalities. 医生表示,在妊娠前三个月内发生的流产通常意味着胚胎有染色体异常。 We've just gonna present next month a study on 55,000 patients that had miscarriages, and they had genetic testing on the miscarriage. 我们将在下个月发布一项关于55,000名流产患者的研究,并对流产组织进行了基因检测。 56 percent of the pregnancies that were lost were genetically abnormal. 在流产的孕妇中,有56%是基因异常。 Doctors say age plays a critical role. If a woman is in her 30s and has one or even two miscarriages, there can be a reason that is structural. 医生说年龄起着至关重要的作用。如果一个30多岁的女人流产了一次甚至两次,可能有一个结构性的原因。 In other words, like a fibroid, or can be immunological or homological, that could be a clotting disorder or an antibody, could be an infection, so there could be something that is really treatable. 换句话说,可能像纤维瘤一样,可能是免疫问题,也可能是同源的,可能是凝血障碍或者抗体问题,也可能是感染,有些病症是可以治愈的。 If a woman's in her 40s, then recurrent miscarriages are usually due to the eggs not being healthy, because when a woman's in her 40s, almost 90 percent of the eggs exit chromosomally abnormal. 如果一个女人40多岁,反复流产通常是由于卵子不健康,因为当女性到了40多岁时,近90%的卵子会出现染色体异常。 Doctors say that most women who have experienced a miscarriage will in time give birth to healthy babies, most of them without any special treatment. 医生们表示,大多数经历过流产的女性最终都会生下健康的宝宝,其中大部分无需任何特殊治疗。 I had a patient years ago. She came in and she was in her early 30s. She had 27 miscarriages and I said first I didn't believe her. 几年前我有个病人。她来就诊时,大约三十岁出头。她经历过27次流产,起初我不相信她。 I got all her records, went through them. They all had been documented. 我拿到了她所有的记录,仔细查看了一番。所有记录都已存档。 She had had most of the tests done and we completed the tests, and really in her case there were a few little things that were off but nothing major. 她已完成大部分检查,我们完成了剩余检查,就她的情况而言,确实有几个小指标异常,但并无大碍。 And after I got all her information, I said, "Can I ask you a question?" I asked her. 等我了解到她所有的信息后 ,我问她:“我能问你个问题吗?” I said, "I've been seeing patients with miscarriages for many many years. 我说:“多年来,我一直在接诊流产患者。 I don't even, I can't even imagine how you can think about trying to have another pregnancy after having 27 pregnancies and 27 miscarriages." 我简直无法想象,在经历了27次怀孕和27次流产之后,你怎么还会想着再去尝试怀孕。” And she said, "Dr Kutteh, I just know that. I'm gonna have a baby." 她说:“库特医生,我就是知道。我会怀上孩子的。” And I said, "Well, as long as you're willing to still have hope and continue trying that, I'm willing to do everything that I can to help you." 我说:“只要你愿意仍然抱有希望并继续努力,我愿意尽我所能帮助你。” And she eventually, with her next pregnancy, did have a pregnancy. 最终,她再次怀孕时,确实成功受孕了。 Three months ago, Heather gave birth to a healthy baby girl. 三个月前Heather生了一个健康的女孩。 Like many other women who have gone through a miscarriage experience, she calls her daughter a rainbow child, and baby Willow unknowingly helps her mom heal very fast. 和其他许多有过流产经历的女性一样,她称自己的女儿为“彩虹宝宝” ,而小薇洛在不知不觉中帮助妈妈很快地治愈了心灵创伤。 It's always emotional thinking about that baby that we lost. 一想到我们失去的那个孩子,总是让人感慨万千。 The best advice that I can give to women who are going through something similar is to reach out to your friends, reach out to your family, possibly reach out to your doctors, to see if they can give you any advice on who to turn to, who to talk to. 我能给有类似经历的女性的最好建议是:向你的朋友求助,向你的家人求助,也可以向你的医生咨询,看看他们能否给你一些建议,告诉你该向谁求助、该和谁倾诉。 Definitely, you know, talking it out with anybody I find helps. 当然,我觉得和任何人把事情说出来都有帮助。

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