The Longevity Show with Dr. Hillary Lin

The AI Health Answer You Want Could Be Wrong

Can you trust ChatGPT with medical advice? Dr. Michael Turken and I explain how to check AI health answers, verify their sources, spot missing context, and decide what to do when AI and your doctor disagree. Dr. Michael Turken, MD, MPH, is a practicing internist at UCSF and the founder and CEO of My Doctor Friend, an AI health assistant for patients and caregivers navigating complex care. He previously worked in health technology at Google, Forward Health, and Omada Health. Michael and I trained together in internal medicine at Stanford and have been friends ever since. Chapters: 00:00 Can You Trust AI With Your Health? 01:49 From Dr. Google to AI 03:32 Why Patients End Up Managing Their Own Care 05:16 Three Ways AI Can Get It Wrong 06:31 Confabulation and Hallucinations: When AI Makes Things Up 10:01 AI Memory and Context Limits 13:08 Sycophancy: When AI Tells You What You Want to Hear 15:52 AI, Medical Triage, and Real-World Risks 19:35 Building a Harness Around AI 22:15 Using AI to Navigate Healthcare 27:10 Practical Ways to Get Better AI Answers MICHAEL TURKEN, MD, MPH + MY DOCTOR FRIEND My Doctor Friend: https://mydoctorfriend.ai/r/lin Offer: Use the referral link or code “lin” for one month of premium access, with no redemption deadline. After that, continue with the free plan (10 messages per month) or choose a paid plan. Learn more about My Doctor Friend: https://about.mydoctorfriend.ai Disclosure: This channel may receive compensation if you make a paid purchase through the My Doctor Friend link or code, at no added cost to you. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DrMichaelTurken LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelturken/ Sovereign Care: https://michaelturken.substack.com/ WE DISCUSS AI hallucinations and real citations attached to wrong answers What AI remembers about your medical history and what it misses Sycophancy: when a chatbot agrees with you too readily What to check when AI and your doctor disagree Why patients managing complex care need better tools THREE PROMPTS FROM THE CONVERSATION “Why could you be wrong?” “What do you know about me?” “Don't guess. Look it up.” Compare an AI-generated health summary with your current records and open the sources yourself. Agreement between models doesn't prove an answer is right. Subscribe for more conversations about health, AI and longevity. More from Dr. Hillary Lin: https://hillarylinmd.com/

• Transcript

The Drug Lowered Lp(a). So Why Didn't the Trial Prove a Heart Benefit?

My patient hiked, lifted weights, and watched what he ate. He still needed a heart stent. High Lp(a) was a big risk factor. So when pelacarsen's HORIZON trial lowered Lp(a) but still “failed”, I wanted to know what that meant for someone like him. In this episode, I explain what the trial actually tested, what we still don't know, and why the timing of prevention matters. I also look at the FDA's approval of an oral PCSK9 pill to lower LDL, the limits of biological-age scores, and what I'd still do with a high Lp(a) result today. Could starting earlier change the answer? Maybe. It doesn't let us assume a drug works. The full results, including harms, still matter. Chapters: 00:00 A Fit Patient Who Still Needed a Stent 00:45 What HORIZON's Result Means 03:26 Why Lp(a) Still Matters 05:17 How Much Lowering, and When? 07:54 Earlier Prevention and Lifetime Risk 10:45 FOURIER: When LDL Lowering Did Reduce Events 15:13 What a Big Trial Can Leave Unanswered 18:37 Why the LDL Pill Got Approved 20:44 Biological Age: Prediction vs. Intervention 21:19 What I'd Do With High Lp(a) 25:32 Statins, Niacin, and the Limits of Marker Lowering 26:37 Current Treatment and the Next Trials Get The Longevity Letter and the heart-test guide: https://hillarylinmd.com/heart-tests I'm Hillary Lin,MD, a physician focused on longevity and preventive care. Longevity is about choice. Subscribe for clear explanations of science and medicine to help you make informed health choices today and keep choosing how you live as you age. More years. More choices. This video is for education, not personal medical advice.

• Transcript

Peptides: What I’m Not Seeing in My Patients | Dr. Mayoni

I’ve heard plenty of big promises about peptides. What I’m seeing in practice is a lot less dramatic, with an important exception: GLP-1s. In this conversation with Dr. Mayoni Gooneratne, we talk about what the evidence can tell us, why the source of an injectable matters, and how GLP-1s fit into conversations about women’s health, nutrition and muscle. We also get into the difference between off-label prescribing, compounded medicines and products sold for research use, and why a promising idea is only one part of the decision. Original conversation hosted by Dr. Mayoni Gooneratne and shared with permission. Learn more about Dr. Mayoni: https://drmhumanhealth.co.uk/dr-mayoni Chapters 00:00 Peptides Beyond GLP-1s 00:25 Off-Label Prescribing & FDA Approval 01:37 Compounding Pharmacies vs. "Research Use" Labs 04:36 Sourcing Safety & Why Batch Testing Matters 06:38 What Can Go Wrong? (ICU Case) 07:34 Beyond Compounds: Lifestyle Medicine First 09:02 Women’s Health, Perimenopause & GLP-1s 11:05 Sustainable Weight Loss & Muscle Preservation 13:48 Final Advice: Beating the Peptide FOMO References: FDA: off-label use — https://www.fda.gov/patients/learn-about-expanded-access-and-other-treatment-options/understanding-unapproved-use-approved-drugs-label FDA: compounding — https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/compounding-and-fda-questions-and-answers FDA: BPC-157 briefing — https://www.fda.gov/media/193343/download This conversation is for education, not personal treatment advice. Discuss medication changes with your clinician.

• Transcript

Your Inflammation Test Is High. Are You Actually Inflamed?

Your inflammation test is high. Before you try to lower the number, find out what it actually measured. I explain why ESR, CRP, hsCRP and ferritin can tell different stories, what newer tests such as GlycA can add, and why a treatment that lowers a marker still has to prove that people do better. We’ll look at a frightening CRP result that settled on repeat testing, a ferritin result that prompted a closer look, and the heart-disease trials that separate a better lab number from a better outcome. Read the full guide: https://hillarylinmd.com/guides/inflammation-markers-crp-esr-ferritin Clinical examples combine and change details to protect privacy. This is education, not personal medical advice. Interpret your results with your symptoms, history, other tests and clinician. Chapters: 00:00 What a High Inflammation Result Means 00:24 ESR: What the Falling Blood Cells Tell Us 04:41 CRP: Why a High Result Can Disappear 08:42 hsCRP and Cardiovascular Risk 09:23 Ferritin: Iron Stores and Misleading Results 14:02 What hsCRP Predicted, and What JUPITER Tested 18:30 GlycA, Glycan Age and the Limits of Newer Tests 23:03 Do Lower Markers Mean Better Health?

• Transcript

Fake AI Doctors Are Here. Real Doctors Need to Show Up.

Patients already get health advice from their feeds. What happens when the “doctor” on screen isn't a person? In this Ultralight conversation, Sunita Mohanty and I talk about why real clinicians need a public voice, and how to start when posting feels unnatural and clinic already takes everything you've got. We cover the three layers of a physician's online presence, choosing a platform that fits how you think, using AI for research without handing over your judgment, and why you should make your first videos before paying an agency to make them for you. The point is to build trust with people you can help. Start with why you're posting, learn what works, and keep an audience you can reach beyond an algorithm. Read the companion playbook: https://hillarylinmd.com/guides/social-media-for-physicians For clinicians and health builders, join The CareCore Stack: https://stack.carecore.io/subscribe Chapters 00:00 Fake Doctors And Trust Online 03:49 Why Doctors Hesitate To Post 05:11 The Three Layers Of Clinician Content 08:39 Find Your Why And Choose A Platform 13:28 Why Healthcare Needs More Than Viral Content 15:49 Clinicians As Educators And Storytellers 17:30 Getting Started With AI Research And Stories 24:04 Develop Your Taste Before Hiring An Agency 26:32 Build An Audience Beyond Social Platforms Featuring Hillary Lin, MD, in conversation with Sunita Mohanty of Ultralight.

• Transcript

My LDL Was 192. Then I Found the First PCSK9 Pill.

My LDL was 192 even though I felt healthy. That result sent me into the story of PCSK9—a protein discovered outside cholesterol research that became the target of injections, RNA silencing, the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor, and now one-time gene-editing experiments. This episode follows the human genetics, LDL-receptor biology, and three engineering problems behind Lipfendra/enlicitide. The pill has proven potent LDL and ApoB lowering; its dedicated cardiovascular-outcomes trial is still ongoing. 𝘋𝘐𝘚𝘊𝘓𝘈𝘐𝘔𝘌𝘙: 𝘛𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘰 𝘪𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘦𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘱𝘶𝘳𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘰𝘦𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘶𝘵𝘦 𝘮𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘪𝘤𝘦. 𝘈𝘭𝘸𝘢𝘺𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘶𝘭𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘺𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘧𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘳𝘦𝘨𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘮𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘴, 𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘴. Chapters: 00:00 The Inherited Risk: My LDL Was 192 and the First Oral PCSK9 Is Here 02:36 Nature’s Human Experiment: The Dallas Heart Study & The 88% Risk Drop 05:40 The Zero-PCSK9 Human: What Living with an LDL of 14 Proves 07:10 The Disposal Tag: How PCSK9 Destroys Your Artery Clearance 08:42 The Evolution of PCSK9 Inhibitors: From Antibodies to RNA 12:02 Evolution in a Test Tube: Engineering the First Oral PCSK9 Pill 16:04 The Practical Inversion: Why a Daily Pill Can Be Harder Than an Injection 18:04 One Injection for Life: The Promise and Risk of Permanent Gene Editing 21:12 What This Means for You: Managing Family History, Risk, and Daily Reality

• Transcript

What Human Longevity Found After Screening 10,000 “Healthy” People

A corrected version of this episode is here: https://youtu.be/SG1aq_6vkFI What happens when you run deep, whole-body imaging and genetic sequencing on 10,000 people who feel completely healthy? Dr. Wei-Wu He, Chairman and CEO of Human Longevity, Inc. (HLI), joins Dr. Hillary Lin to break down the realities of precision medicine and the hidden risks lurking in asymptomatic patients. They discuss why standard population medicine might miss your individual risk, how polygenic risk scores are changing cardiovascular prevention, and his vision for democratizing these life-saving screenings for everyone. About the Guest: Dr. Wei-Wu He is the Chairman and CEO of Human Longevity, Inc. (HLI), bringing over 40 years of experience in molecular biology and biotechnology to the forefront of proactive healthcare. A seasoned biotech entrepreneur and investor, his career has been dedicated to advancing genomics and precision medicine. Under his leadership, HLI is combining whole-genome sequencing, advanced imaging, and artificial intelligence to democratize data-driven, preventative medicine and extend the human healthspan. Disclaimer: The patient outcomes and case studies discussed in this episode are company-reported observational findings by Human Longevity, Inc., not independently verified clinical trials. Screening data should always be interpreted by a qualified clinician. A test earns its place when it changes a medical decision and includes a responsible follow-up plan. Chapters: 00:00 What Happens When Healthy People Get Screened? 00:21 The Silent Risks: Aneurysms, Tumors, and Arterial Plaque 03:04 The Compound Effect of "Rare" Diseases 05:09 Lifespan Heritability: Is 50% of Your Life Predetermined? 05:48 Monogenic vs. Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) 06:49 Predicting Heart Attack Risk 12 Years in Advance 10:52 Family History vs. Your Actual Genome 12:46 Inside HLI: The CEO's Vision for Data Collection 14:13 Case Study: Stool-DNA, Colonoscopy, and Appendiceal Cancer 17:04 Population Medicine vs. Individual Risk Dr. Lin's Longevity Tips & Newsletter: hillarylinmd.com/go/yt LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/hillarylinmd About Dr. Hillary Lin: hillarylinmd.com Explore CareCore: carecore.io Human Longevity, Inc (HLI): https://www.humanlongevity.com/

• Transcript

The Fitness Decline You Won’t See Coming (Even With “Good” Labs)

Your annual blood work looks perfect—but what happens when you hit a physical stressor, catch a virus, or simply start aging? Most standard labs are designed to detect disease, but they completely miss your physiologic reserve. In this episode, Dr. Hillary Lin sits down with Brooks Leitner to discuss why VO₂ max should be treated as a clinical vital sign. Using VO Health’s early-stage blood-based proteomics as a fascinating case study, we dive into how the body actually delivers oxygen under stress, why wearable estimates aren't the whole truth, and how you can actually build a "bad-day buffer" for your long-term health. 🔍 What We’ll Cover The "Normal Labs" Trap: Why perfect blood work can hide dangerously low physical reserve. Your "Bad-Day Buffer": How to build resilience for unexpected physical stress like illness or surgery. The Missing Vital Sign: Why fitness should be checked right alongside your blood pressure. Oxygen Under Stress: What VO₂ max actually measures across your entire cellular engine. The Mortality Signal: The data linking higher fitness to a longer life, and what the studies really mean. VO₂ Max Blind Spots: Why cardio alone isn't enough to build true physical resilience. Data vs. Reality: Why mismatches between your smartwatch and your actual performance are valuable signals. Where to Start: A practical, zero-equipment method to start building your reserve today. Chapters 00:00 Why Normal Labs Miss The Mark 00:47 What Routine Blood Work Gets Wrong About Health 02:03 Defining True Resilience And Hormesis 04:34 The Shocking Decline In Population Fitness 06:32 Cardiorespiratory Fitness: The Missing Vital Sign 10:29 The Oxygen Cascade: How VO2 Max Actually Works 12:55 The Surprising Data Linking VO2 Max To Mortality 15:50 Improving VO2 Max: Is It Possible? 17:55 Weight Loss, Muscle Mass, And Gaming Your VO2 Max 23:54 Heart Rate Training Zones And The Problem With METs 29:21 Why Endurance Training Won't Maximize Your VO2 Max 32:00 What VO2 Max Completely Misses (Strength And Grip) 35:20 Sauna, Altitude, And Drugs For VO2 Max 42:08 Proteomics: Estimating Your VO2 Max From A Blood Test 49:00 Wearables and Their Accuracy in Measuring Fitness 51:53 The Ultimate Zero-Equipment Hack To Build VO2 Max Get Dr. Hillary Lin’s free longevity tips and newsletter: https://hillarylinmd.com/go/yt Learn more about the podcast: https://hillarylinmd.com/podcast LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hillarylinmd/ Learn more about Dr. Hillary Lin: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/ Explore CareCore: https://carecore.io VO Health: https://vohealth.co/

• Transcript

High ApoB, CAC Zero: What Your Heart Tests Are Really Saying

High ApoB but clean metabolic labs. CAC zero but inherited Lp(a). A normal stress test but plaque on CCTA. This is where heart-disease prevention gets noisy. In this advanced episode, I walk through how I read conflicting heart-risk signals without letting one lab, scan, or internet camp hijack the whole conversation. The map is simple: particle traffic, the artery wall, blood pressure and metabolic terrain, visible plaque, and the clot we are trying to prevent. We cover ApoB, LDL-C, LDL-P, particle size, Lp(a), APOE4, CAC, CCTA, CIMT, stress testing, inflammation, plaque reversal, statin concerns, supplements, and what actually changes the next decision. Use this as education and a framework for better clinician conversations, not a personal treatment plan. Chapters 00:00 Why Heart Tests Seem To Disagree 01:43 The Map: Particles, Wall, Terrain, Plaque, Event 06:22 Where Plaque Actually Begins 10:07 Why Evolution Left Us Vulnerable 13:22 ApoB, LDL-C, LDL-P, Particle Size, Remnants, Lp(a) 25:54 High ApoB With Clean Metabolic Markers 30:51 Blood Pressure, Inflammation, And “Terrain” 35:37 APOE4, Family History, And Inherited Clues 40:38 CAC, CCTA, CIMT, Stress Tests, And AI Plaque Analysis 48:26 How To Read Conflicting Signals In Real Life 50:26 Plaque Reversal, Stabilization, And What Counts As Proof 54:18 Statins, Side Effects, Red Yeast Rice, And Supplement Claims 01:09:45 The Takeaway: Do Not Let One Marker Become The Whole Story

• Transcript

Why One Hormone Test Can Miss the Whole Story

Hormones are not single data points. Cortisol, progesterone, testosterone, and other hormones change across the day, cycle, sleep, stress, training, and context.In this episode, Dr. Hillary Lin talks with Marina Pavlovic Rivas, cofounder and CEO of Eli Health, about why one annual lab snapshot can miss dynamic physiology — and why more data still needs humility.We cover: saliva testing and what it can/can’t show cortisol curves vs cortisol panic progesterone/testosterone tracking wellness data vs diagnostics why validated at-home testing is hard how AI in healthcare depends on better inputs Educational only, not medical advice.Chapters: 00:00 The Importance of Hormonal Health00:54 The Data Gap in Hormone Health02:43 The Science Behind At-Home Saliva Testing06:17 Understanding Cortisol and Its Impact12:14 Personalizing Cortisol Data vs. Wearable Tracking Limitations15:05 Identifying Overtraining and "Tired but Wired" States18:43 Expanding into Sex Hormones: Progesterone & Testosterone20:40 Tracking Protocols: Finding Trends vs. Creating Noise23:44 The "Anytime, Anywhere" Design Philosophy24:40 Understanding Cortisol and Performance28:31 Factors Influencing Testosterone Levels31:36 Regulatory Boundaries: Wellness vs. Clinical Diagnostics35:18 The Future of Data in Personalized Medicine37:39 The Realities of Deep-Tech Health R&D39:04 Closing Insights for Longevity and Health-Tech FoundersGet Dr. Hillary Lin’s free longevity tips and newsletter: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/subscribe Learn more about Dr. Hillary Lin: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/ Explore CareCore: https://carecore.io

Your Workout Might Be Making You Older

What if your workout is making you older? In this episode of The Longevity Show, Dr. Hillary Lin sits down with performance coach Kyle Gonzalez to unpack why longevity training is not just “exercise more.” It is movement throughout the day, recovery, aerobic base, strength, balance, power, glucose control, and building a body that still gives you access to life decades from now.Kyle shares a practical framework for moving more without burning out: why the other 23 hours matter, how to use the 1% rule for exercise, when HIIT helps or backfires, why Zone 2 and walking still matter, how to recover like it is part of training, and what to make of sauna, cold plunge, rucking, barefoot training, HRV, peptides, and more.

The Modern Lipid Playbook Part 3: THE TREATMENT — Every Drug, Every Option, Ranked

There is a drug in clinical trials right now that could permanently fix your cholesterol with a single infusion. Once. That's where we're headed. But there's also a $4 generic that's saved millions of lives — and a twice-a-year injection most patients have never heard of. I'm a Stanford-trained physician. My ApoB was 128. My grandfather died of a stroke. My grandmother died of cardiac arrest. My father is recovering from a heart transplant. In this video, I break down every lipid-lowering option available — without hedging, without liability speak — so you can have an intelligent conversation with your doctor. WHAT YOU'LL LEARN: Why there's no floor for ApoB — the cholesterol-years concept that changes when you start treatment The genetics checkpoint: Lp(a), FH, and ancestry factors that change your drug selection entirely Statins: muscle pain reality, the nocebo effect (SAMSON trial), SLCO1B1 gene, CAC paradox, diabetes signal Ezetimibe: the most underused $15/month drug in lipid medicine (IMPROVE-IT data) Bempedoic acid: why it structurally cannot cause muscle toxicity, and what CLEAR Outcomes proved PCSK9 inhibitors: FOURIER + ODYSSEY data, insurance battle, patient assistance programs Inclisiran: twice a year, doctor administers — why adherence changes everything Lp(a) pipeline: pelacarsen, olpasiran, muvalaplin — what's coming for the 1 in 4 Obicetrapib: oral pill hitting BOTH LDL and Lp(a) Gene therapy: CRISPR + base editing — one injection, once in your life Lifestyle: honest ceiling assessment, no guilt A tiered protocol framework using ApoB as the treatment target What to actually say to your doctor — 6 specific questions Chapters: 05:11 Genetics Checkpoint 07:51 Statins 16:16 Ezetimibe 18:45 Bempedoic Acid 25:46 PCSK9 Inhibitors 37:20 Inclisiran 39:46 Lp(a) 44:00 Emerging Therapies + Gene Therapy 52:32 Lifestyle 56:11 Protocol Framework 59:04 What to Say to Your Doctor LINKS: Part 1 — The Disease (Atherosclerosis): https://youtu.be/fX33g1zFZSo Part 2 — The Testing (Why Your Lipid Panel Isn't Enough): https://youtu.be/AtOTY0x3U3I Part 4 — The Genetics: [COMING SOON] Newsletter — The Longevity Letter: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/subscribe Follow me: Instagram: https://instagram.com/hillarylinmd Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/hillarylinmd CareCore (For Clinicians): https://carecore.io DISCLAIMER: This video is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication or treatment. Drug dosing, insurance coverage, and clinical guidelines referenced in this video may have changed since filming. I am a physician but I am not your physician. KEY STUDIES REFERENCED: CTT Meta-analysis: 170,000+ patients, 22% event reduction per 1 mmol/L LDL (Lancet 2012) IMPROVE-IT: ezetimibe outcomes, 18,000 patients (NEJM 2015) FOURIER: evolocumab, 27,500 patients, LDL median 30 mg/dL (NEJM 2017) FOURIER-OLE: 8.6-year follow-up, no safety signal at LDL <20 (Circulation 2023) ODYSSEY OUTCOMES: alirocumab, 18,924 post-MI patients (NEJM 2018) SAMSON trial: 90% of statin symptoms also occurred on placebo (NEJM 2020) CLEAR Outcomes: bempedoic acid, 14,000 statin-intolerant patients (NEJM 2023) ORION-10/11: inclisiran, sustained 50-52% LDL reduction (NEJM 2020) VICTORION-2P: inclisiran outcomes trial, ongoing OCEAN(a) Phase 2: olpasiran, >95% Lp(a) reduction (NEJM 2023) Lp(a)HORIZON: pelacarsen outcomes trial, 8,000+ patients, ongoing VERVE-101 heart-1: base editing PCSK9 (Lancet ~2024) NTLA-2001 Phase 1: CRISPR PCSK9 editing (2024) Ference et al.: Mendelian randomization, lifetime LDL (EHJ 2017) #cholesterol #ApoB #statins #PCSK9 #inclisiran #genetherapy #lipids #longevity #heartdisease #preventivemedicine #atherosclerosis #cardiovascular #LDL #lipidplaybook

The Modern Lipid Playbook Part 2: THE TESTING — Why Your Lipid Panel Isn't Enough

🚨 2026 ACC/AHA Dyslipidemia Guidelines just dropped — the first update in 8 years. Eleven specialty societies declared ApoB and Lp(a) standard of care. The standard lipid panel is officially not enough.My patient "David" did everything right for 25 years. His LDL was in the 40s — below even the NEW aggressive target. His stress test was normal. But his Lp(a), a genetic risk marker no one had ever checked, was nearly 3x the danger threshold. His CAC score: 1,522. His widowmaker artery: 75-99% blocked. Weeks later, he needed an emergent stent.His wife? Same household. CAC: zero. His brother? CAC: 2,700.In this episode, I break down every blood test and imaging test for heart disease — what each one measures, what it misses, and why CCTA (coronary CT angiography) with AI should be first-line imaging for anyone at risk.📋 WHAT YOU'LL LEARN:• Why LDL-C is a calculated estimate from a 1972 equation — and why it misses 1 in 5 patients• ApoB — the $15 test now in the formal clinical risk algorithm• Lp(a) — the genetic marker every adult should know (universal screening recommended)• Why "passing a stress test" may be the most dangerous false reassurance in cardiology• CAC scores — useful but completely blind to the plaque most likely to kill you• CCTA + AI — how it cut heart attacks 41% in SCOT-HEART (sustained at 10 years)• CPT 75577 — AI plaque analysis is now covered by Medicare (effective Jan 2026)• A tiered testing playbook with real costs and insurance tips• How to talk to your doctor when they won't order the right testsChapters: 00:00 25 Years on a Statin — and Still Missed00:27 The 2026 Guidelines Changed the Standard01:56 The Standard Lipid Panel’s 1972 Flaw06:38 ApoB and Lp(a): The Two Tests That Change the Story13:24 The Truth About Advanced Panels, HDL, & Triglycerides16:30 The Metabolic Fire: Fasting Insulin & hs-CRP20:18 Why “Passing a Stress Test” Creates Dangerous False Reassurance27:19 The CAC Score: Useful, but Blind to Soft Plaque33:30 CCTA & AI: The New Gold Standard for Plaque Detection42:15 Insurance Coverage, Microvascular Disease, and Who Gets Missed46:29 The Tiered Testing Hierarchy & Your Personal Playbook

The Toxic Wellness Myths Aging You Faster (Cycle Syncing, Plastics & Noise) with Non-Toxic City Girl

Think the smog outside your city window is the biggest threat to your longevity? Think again. The air inside your kitchen—and the noise from your street—are likely doing significantly more damage to your cellular health.In this episode of The Longevity Show, I sit down in the Tribeca studio with Jiyeon, the brilliant mind behind NonToxicCityGirl. We cut through the noise of the modern wellness industry to discuss what actually moves the needle for your health and what is just an expensive distraction.We dive deep into "rational biohacking," why the traditional medical system is structurally broken, and how agentic AI is about to change how we advocate for our own health. We also dismantle popular wellness myths (like cycle syncing), uncover the real reasons behind generational fertility decline, and share practical protocols for detoxing your daily routine—from "house burping" and navigating the microplastics in your takeout, to the surprising longevity benefits of walking on a treadmill desk.If you want to protect your metabolic health and take agency over your own longevity, this episode is your blueprint. Hit subscribe so you never miss an update, and share this with a friend who needs to cut through the wellness noise!*Chapters:*00:49 Demographics of Longevity and Health Trends03:03 Rational Biohacking vs. Reckless Experimentation06:49 The Role of AI in Personal Health Research20:03 The 17-Year Gap & The Broken Business of Healthcare25:41 Navigating Health Advice with AI & Critical Thinking36:12 Non-Toxic Living: Pollution, Plastics, and Forever Chemicals47:20 The Ultimate Longevity Tool: Daily Movement51:24 The Global Fertility Crisis & Reproductive Optionality01:08:28 Urban Longevity vs. Modern Hustle Culture01:13:14 Diet, Body Recomposition, & Chronic Inflammation01:21:53 Metabolic Health, Mitochondria, & Wellness Myths

The $500M Performance Myth: What Tom Brady’s Chef Actually Fed Him

We’re told that elite physical longevity requires a $500 million contract and a 24/7 medical team, but that is a myth. The food that fuels world-class performance isn't about extreme restriction or magic supplements—it’s about understanding systemic inflammation, eliminating hidden toxins, and utilizing the power of local, whole foods. Traditional culinary arts prioritize taste and presentation over sustenance. Allen Campbell flipped that model. After completely transforming his own health through sobriety and dietary elimination, he went from high-end restaurant kitchens to engineering the precise, anti-inflammatory diet that helped Tom Brady play in the NFL until age 45. In this episode, we dismantle the myths surrounding the TB12 Method, explain the true danger of industrial seed oils in restaurant food, and reveal why bio-individuality matters more than following any celebrity diet. We also dive deep into advanced body recomposition macros, the reality of organic sourcing (and the "Dirty Dozen"), and the high-performance nutritional habits you need to build a longer, healthier life. Topics Covered 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝗶𝘃𝗼𝘁: Why traditional restaurant food prioritizes art over healthspan, and how to shift your mindset toward sustenance. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗢𝗶𝗹 𝗘𝗽𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰: Understanding why cheap, polyunsaturated restaurant oils are the real culprits behind your brain fog and systemic inflammation. 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗕𝟭𝟮: The truth about nightshades (tomatoes, eggplants), and why Tom Brady's highly specific restrictions shouldn't necessarily be your own. 𝗖𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗶𝘇𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝗮𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽: How precision software is scaling bespoke nutrition to optimize protein, fat, and fiber ratios for individual body types. 𝗡𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗴𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗱𝗲𝘀: The realities of Glyphosate, the "Dirty Dozen" vs. the "Clean Fifteen," and a simple mental framework for when you absolutely must buy organic. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝘂𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆: The challenges of sourcing organic ingredients at scale and the emerging promise of vertical, indoor farming. Newsletter: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/subscribe Instagram: / hillarylinmd Twitter/X: / hillarylinmd CareCore (For Clinicians): https://carecore.io About Allen Campbell: Allen Campbell is a renowned personal chef, entrepreneur, and culinary innovator dedicated to the intersection of high-performance nutrition and longevity. He is best known as the former private chef for Tom Brady and Gisele Bündchen, and the co-author of the New York Times bestseller, The TB12 Method. Today, he is the founder of AC Kitchen, a service delivering highly customized, anti-inflammatory meal plans, and the co-founder of Nuda, a pioneering keto-friendly almond pasta brand. Website: https://allencampbell.com/ Instagram: / chefallencampbell X: https://x.com/chefalcampbell Chapters 02:59 Personalized Nutrition Philosophy 07:05 Customizing Nutrition at Scale 10:54 Inflammatory Triggers & The TB12 Myth 22:25 Life as a Chef: Passion vs. Business 27:37 Sourcing Organic & Clinical Diet Protocols 35:29 Protein Sourcing & Caloric Realities 42:51 Nutritional Investing & Self-Worth 46:10 Nutrition Trends and Their Impact About the Show: The Longevity Show with Dr. Hillary Lin takes complex medical research and distills it into practical, easy-to-understand advice for living a longer, healthier life. Covering everything from preventative medicine and metabolic health to the latest breakthroughs in nutrition, exercise, and mental wellness, Dr. Lin gives you the tools you need to thrive. ABOUT DR. HILLARY LIN: Dr. Hillary Lin is a Stanford-trained physician and the Co-Founder/CEO of CareCore. She explores the cutting edge of longevity medicine, metabolic health, and mental resilience, translating complex science into actionable protocols for a longer, healthier life.

The Oral Longevity Blind Spot: Detecting the Silent Killer in Your Mouth

You probably track your sleep, HRV, and blood work, yet the second-largest microbiome in your body is quietly driving systemic aging. In fact, 57 major systemic diseases—including Alzheimer's, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune conditions—are directly linked to oral inflammation. Traditional dentistry waits for symptoms—cavities, bleeding gums, or severe pain—before treating the problem. Dr. Jonathan Levine argues this is like waiting for a massive heart attack before ever checking your cholesterol. In this episode, we dismantle the 1840 "Grand Rebuke" that dangerously separated dentistry from medicine. We explain why standard basic cleanings fail to detect early pathogenic risk and why the equivalent of a preventative full-body scan for your mouth—AI-enabled 3D Mouth Mapping—is the only way to truly visualize your risk. We also dive deep into advanced longevity protocols, including airway expansion for deep sleep, point-of-care salivary omics, and the high-performance oral hygiene regimen you need to adopt immediately. Topics Covered: • The Failure of the "Gold Standard": Why standard 2D x-rays and basic cleanings completely miss dangerous pathogens. • Leaky Gums & Systemic Disease: Understanding how the P. gingivalis bacteria travels from your mouth to build arterial plaque and drive Alzheimer's. • Advanced Imaging: How 3D Mouth Mapping and AI visualize hidden airway obstructions and structural breakdown. • Protocols for Prevention: The role of pH-raising rinses, tongue scraping, and why you must throw out alcohol-based mouthwashes. • Airway Health & Sleep: The connection between mouth breathing, nitric oxide depletion, and how structural jaw expansion can cure disrupted sleep. • The Nuance of Fluoride: Protecting your enamel without neurotoxic risks through dose-specific applications. About Dr. Jonathan Levine: Dr. Jonathan Levine is a preventative prosthodontist, clinical innovator, and pioneer in oral-systemic health based in New York City. He is the inventor of GLO Science technology and the co-founder of Smile House, the Center for Dental Longevity. He has dedicated his 35-year career to bridging the gap between medicine and dentistry, utilizing advanced diagnostics to detect and stop systemic inflammatory diseases at their source. Website: https://www.drjonathanlevine.com/ Instagram: / drjonlevine JBL New York City: @jblnewyorkcity Smile House Tribeca: @smilehousetribeca GLO Science: @gloscience GLO Science Pro: @glosciencepro GLO Good Foundation: @glogoodfoundation Chapters 00:00 The Overlooked Role of Oral Health in Longevity 03:10 Rebuilding the Dental Care Model 06:19 The Center for Dental Longevity & Smile House 11:14 The Oral-Systemic Connection 14:33 Integrating Dentistry with Overall Health 20:07 The Tech-Enabled Dental Exam 22:28 Airway Health, Nitric Oxide, & Sleep 29:51 The Future of Salivary Diagnostics 31:12 Mission Work in Dental Deserts 34:06 High-Performance Oral Protocols 36:48 The Role of Fluoride in Dental Health 39:17 Epigenetics vs. Genetics in Decay 46:04 Top Takeaways for Oral Longevity

The Heart Attack You Won't See Coming (Even With 'Good' Stats).

50% of people who die of a heart attack have zero prior symptoms. They have no chest pain, no shortness of breath, and often, "normal" cholesterol on a standard panel. In Part 1 of 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘔𝘰𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘯 𝘓𝘪𝘱𝘪𝘥 𝘗𝘭𝘢𝘺𝘣𝘰𝘰𝘬, I break down why the standard of care is failing to detect the world's #1 killer until it’s too late. I share the science on why atherosclerosis is actually a pediatric disease, the "cumulative exposure" math that proves early prevention is 3x more effective, and the specific blood markers you need to look at instead of just LDL-C. 📩 𝐆𝐞𝐭 𝐖𝐞𝐞𝐤𝐥𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐔𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/subscribe 𝐎𝐍 𝐓𝐇𝐈𝐒 𝐄𝐏𝐈𝐒𝐎𝐃𝐄: We dismantle the "plumbing" model of heart disease and replace it with the latest science on lipidology and longevity. • 𝐓𝐡𝐞 "𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐭" 𝐊𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫: Why your body is evolutionarily designed to hide heart disease from you. • 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐄𝐯𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞: Autopsy data showing plaque in 20-year-olds (Korean War & PDAY studies). • 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐦: How ApoB particles get trapped in the artery wall (The "Response to Retention" model). • 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐭𝐡 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐢𝐬𝐤: Why "Cholesterol-Years" matter more than your current numbers. • 𝐋𝐢𝐟𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐲𝐥𝐞 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐬: How sleep debt and stress physically damage your endothelium. 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐏𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐒: 01:47 One Disease, Three Addresses: Heart Attack, Stroke, and Aneurysm 03:09 The Pediatric Bombshell: This Is a Childhood Disease 09:14 The Mechanism: What's Actually Happening Inside Your Arteries 15:20 The Math of Cumulative Exposure: Why When You Start Matters More Than What You Do 22:17 The Evolutionary Paradox: Why Our Bodies Betray Us 27:41 The Invisible Damage: What's Happening While You Feel Fine 32:27 The Information War: Why You’re Confused 41:12 What This Means For You: The Stakes, The Opportunity

Stop Cooking With These: A Longevity Physician’s Guide to Seed Oils & Saturated Fat

We’ve been told the same story for 50 years: "Saturated fat is bad, vegetable oil is heart-healthy." But if that’s true, why are we in a global energy crisis of chronic fatigue and metabolic stalling? As a longevity physician, I look at the body like an engineer looks at a high-performance machine. When the engine stalls, I don't blame the driver—I look at the fuel. In this masterclass, we dismantle the "Fat Wars" with clinical nuance. I explain why the Seed Oil debate is often missing the most dangerous variable: Oxidation. We explore the "Two-Hit Theory" of heart disease, how unstable fats create "zombie" membranes in your mitochondria, and why your Air Fryer might be an oxidation accelerator. Most importantly, I provide a practical kitchen protocol to help you rebuild your biology from the cell membrane out. In this episode, we cover: • The Two-Hit Theory: Why LDL volume is only half the problem (and why oxidation is the match that lights the fire). • The Membrane Theory: How Linoleic Acid creates "fragile" cells that leak toxic waste (4-HNE) into your brain. • The Migraine Connection: New NIH data on how specific oils chemically activate your pain receptors (TRPV1). • The Smoke Point Lie: Why "high smoke point" oils can still rot your DNA. • The Official Protocol: My Tier 1, 2, and 3 hierarchy for the longevity-focused kitchen. Chapters 00:00 The Energy Crisis Within Us 01:47 The Two-Hit Theory: Why "Healthy" Oils May Be Driving Heart Disease 04:34 Cellular Sabotage: How Unstable Fats Break Mitochondria & Trigger Pain 07:54 Cooking Myths Debunked: Smoke Points, Olive Oil, & Air Fryer Risks 09:50 The Return of Solid Fats: Why Tallow Wins & Crisco Kills 11:37 The Official Protocol: Tier 1, 2, and 3 Oils for Your Kitchen ✨ Get 5 Easy Longevity Tips & Dr. Hillary Lin's Weekly Newsletter for Free: https://www.hillarylinmd.com/subscribe About the Show: The Longevity Show with Dr. Hillary Lin takes complex medical research and distills it into practical, easy-to-understand advice for living a longer, healthier life. Covering everything from preventative medicine and metabolic health to the latest breakthroughs in nutrition, exercise, and mental wellness, Dr. Lin gives you the tools you need to thrive. About Dr. Hillary Lin and Care Core Dr. Hillary Lin is a Stanford MD and CEO/Co-founder of Care Core, a platform helping clinicians launch personalized longevity practices powered by evidence-based protocols and AI-driven tools. Follow for insights on transforming care delivery through precision medicine. Connect with Dr. Hillary Lin: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hillarylinmd Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/hillarylinmd X: https://twitter.com/hillarylinmd TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@hillarylinmd Disclaimer: This podcast is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. No doctor-patient relationship is formed. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Use of this information is at your own risk.

“Normal” Labs but Still Exhausted? Mitochondrial Series (Pt 1): Mitophagy + 4-Step Protocol

If you’re sleeping well, eating clean, exercising—and still exhausted—this may be an engine problem, not a fuel problem.This is Part 1 of my Mitochondrial Health Series, where I start with the foundation: mitophagy—your body’s ability to clear damaged mitochondria.In longevity medicine, I call this mitophagy failure: damaged mitochondria (“zombie batteries”) stop producing clean energy and leak signals that can trigger inflammation, brain fog, and that 2 p.m. crash.In this video, I break down:• Why zombie mitochondria can keep you stuck in “sickness behavior”• The key biology: PINK1 + Parkin (how your cells tag and remove broken mitochondria)• My 4-step energy protocol: 14–16 hr overnight fasting, Zone 2 cardio, heat (sauna/hot bath), and urolithin A + spermidine• The NAD+ trap: why NMN/NR can backfire if you “fuel” before you “clean”Chapters: 00:00 The "Zombie Battery" Cause of Fatigue 01:54 Why Your Cells Think They Are Dying04:43 The Cleanup Crew: PINK1 & Parkin07:02 Protocol 1: The "Janitor" Fast (AMPK vs. mTOR)08:44 Protocol 2: Why HIIT Might Be Making You Tired09:59 Protocol 3: Heat Shock Proteins & Sauna11:30 Protocol 4: Supplements (Urolithin A, Spermidine) & The NAD+ Mistake15:18 Summary: The 4-Step Energy Protocol

The "Normal" Cholesterol Myth: Detecting the Widowmaker Before It Strikes

Heart disease is still the #1 killer worldwide, yet 50-75% of people who suffer a heart attack have "normal" cholesterol levels.Traditional cardiology waits for symptoms—chest pain, shortness of breath, or cardiac arrest—before treating the problem. Dr. John Osborne, MD, PhD, argues this is like waiting for Stage 4 cancer before ordering a screening.In this episode, we dismantle "20th Century Cardiology." We explain why standard EKGs and stress tests fail to detect early plaque and why the "Cardiac Colonoscopy"—AI-enabled CCTA—is the only way to truly visualize your risk. We also dive deep into advanced reversal protocols, including the use of Colchicine for inflammation, the "Keto Paradox," and the genetic biomarkers (Lp(a) and ApoB) that you need to request immediately.*Topics Covered:*• The Failure of "Gold Standards": Why stress tests miss 30-40% of dangerous blockages.• Soft Plaque vs. Hard Plaque: Understanding the difference between stable calcium and the "lava" that causes sudden death.• Advanced Imaging: How AI CCTA visualizes the vessel wall (the "donut") rather than just the hole.• Protocols for Reversal: The role of Colchicine, PCSK9 inhibitors, and statins in shrinking plaque.• The Keto Paradox: Can you have healthy arteries with high cholesterol?• Genetics: Why everyone needs to test for Lipoprotein(a) once in their life.About Dr. John Osborne:Dr. John Osborne is a Preventative Cardiologist and Lipidologist based in Dallas. He holds an MD and PhD in cardiovascular physiology and founded State of the Heart Cardiology. He is the Co-Founder and Chief Medical Officer of Clear Cardio, pioneering the use of AI in cardiac imaging to detect and reverse heart disease before it becomes fatal. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Heart Disease and Its Impact 04:46 Why Your "Normal" Cardiology Workup Is Useless 13:08 The Cardiac Colonoscopy: AI Imaging vs. Blind Blood Work 16:24 Cardiac CT + AI: The 20-Second Scan That Changes Everything 31:08 The Blood Tests That Actually Matter 36:36 Cholesterol vs. Sticky Vessels: The Two-Factor Model 40:45 The Debate on Diets: Cholesterol and Inflammation 44:13 Reversing Heart Disease: Colchicine, Statins, and New Protocols 54:14 Exploring Stem Cell Therapy in Cardiology 57:00 The Future of Preventative Cardiology