

At the Limits of Reconstruction, How far is too far? With Dr Pedro Cavadas
📩 Subscribe to The Plastics Fella Newsletter: https://www.theplasticsfella.com In this episode of How I Operate, Ryan Sugrue is joined by Pedro Cavadas, a reconstructive microsurgeon known for tackling complex limb salvage and replantation cases where conventional reconstructive options can begin to run out. Beginning with the medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap, Cavadas gives a characteristically direct account of where the flap is useful, where it is not, and why anatomy and surgical efficiency matter more than novelty. The conversation then moves into the practical details of microsurgery: intramuscular dissection, perforator selection, venous anastomosis, vessel geometry and the sequence of repair in digital replantation. Along the way, he challenges established dogma, explains the small technical habits he believes improve patency, and shares why de-airing an arterial anastomosis may be critical to avoiding unexplained flap failure. Key Takeaways When the MSAP flap is a useful regional free flap and why Cavadas does not consider it a universal workhorse. How high-setting, non-stick bipolar dissection can make intramuscular perforator dissection faster and more controlled. Why Cavadas usually wants a single perforator and believes one perfect venous anastomosis can be better than two suboptimal ones. The microsurgical habits he uses to protect the endothelium, optimise vessel geometry, and improve anastomotic reliability. How changing the sequence of repair can make digital replantation faster, cleaner, and more reproducible under tourniquet. Why air bubbles in an arterial anastomosis may contribute to apparent “no-reflow” and unexplained flap failure. Chapters 00:00 – Reconstructing the “Impossible” 01:50 – The Rise of Perforator Flaps and the MSAP Flap 04:15 – What the MSAP Flap Is Really Good For 08:40 – Choosing the Right Flap for Complex Limb Reconstruction 10:20 – Raising the MSAP Flap and Intramuscular Dissection 16:30 – Flap Design, Doppler and Perforator Selection 18:20 – Why One Vein Can Be Better Than Two 21:10 – Anastomosis Tricks and Avoiding Endothelial Injury 28:20 – Replantation Strategy, Bone Shortening and Repair Sequence 39:40 – Air Embolism, “No-Reflow” and Flap Failure Thank you for listening to How I Operate. Brought to you by ThePlasticsFella. If you enjoyed this episode, please follow the show, leave a rating and review, and share it with colleagues. New episodes are released bi-weekly, featuring the surgeons, innovators, and ideas that continue to shape modern plastic surgery.




